شجرة
See also: سحرة
Arabic
Etymology
Singulative noun composed of شَجَر (šajar, “trees”) + ـَة (-a).
Pronunciation
Noun
شَجَرَة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شَجَر m (šajar), dual شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār), paucal شَجَرَات (šajarāt))
- tree
- shrub, bush
- 975–997, محمد بن أحمد الخوارزمي [muḥammad ibn ʕaḥmad al-ḵwārizmī], edited by Gerlof van Vloten, مفاتيح العلوم [mafātīḥ al-ʕulūm], Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1895, pages 170 line 9–171 line 1:
- لَاعِيَة شَجَرَةٌ تَنْبُتُ فِي سَفْحِ ٱلْجِبَالِ لَهَا وَرَقٌ طَيِّبُ ٱلرَِيحِ تَجْرِسُهُ ٱلنَّحْلُ وَلَهُ لَبَنٌ غَزِيرٌ إِذَا قُطِعَتْ
- lāʕiya(t) šajaratun tanbutu fī safḥi l-jibāli lahā waraqun ṭayyibu r-raīḥi tajrisuhu n-naḥlu walahu labanun ḡazīrun ʔiḏā quṭiʕat
- Green spurge or sun spurge is a shrub which grows on the surfaces of mountains, it has good-smelling leaves sucked by bees and copious milk when slit.
Declension
| singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شَجَرَة šajara |
الشَّجَرَة aš-šajara |
شَجَرَة šajarat |
| nominative | شَجَرَةٌ šajaratun |
الشَّجَرَةُ aš-šajaratu |
شَجَرَةُ šajaratu |
| accusative | شَجَرَةً šajaratan |
الشَّجَرَةَ aš-šajarata |
شَجَرَةَ šajarata |
| genitive | شَجَرَةٍ šajaratin |
الشَّجَرَةِ aš-šajarati |
شَجَرَةِ šajarati |
| collective | basic collective triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شَجَر šajar |
الشَّجَر aš-šajar |
شَجَر šajar |
| nominative | شَجَرٌ šajarun |
الشَّجَرُ aš-šajaru |
شَجَرُ šajaru |
| accusative | شَجَرًا šajaran |
الشَّجَرَ aš-šajara |
شَجَرَ šajara |
| genitive | شَجَرٍ šajarin |
الشَّجَرِ aš-šajari |
شَجَرِ šajari |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | شَجَرَتَيْن šajaratayn |
الشَّجَرَتَيْن aš-šajaratayn |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
| nominative | شَجَرَتَانِ šajaratāni |
الشَّجَرَتَانِ aš-šajaratāni |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
| accusative | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
| genitive | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
| paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شَجَرَات šajarāt |
الشَّجَرَات aš-šajarāt |
شَجَرَات šajarāt |
| nominative | شَجَرَاتٌ šajarātun |
الشَّجَرَاتُ aš-šajarātu |
شَجَرَاتُ šajarātu |
| accusative | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
| genitive | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
| plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
الْأَشْجَار al-ʔašjār |
أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
| nominative | أَشْجَارٌ ʔašjārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ al-ʔašjāru |
أَشْجَارُ ʔašjāru |
| accusative | أَشْجَارًا ʔašjāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ al-ʔašjāra |
أَشْجَارَ ʔašjāra |
| genitive | أَشْجَارٍ ʔašjārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ al-ʔašjāri |
أَشْجَارِ ʔašjāri |
Derived terms
- شَجَرَةْ نَسَب (šajarat nasab, “genealogical tree”)
Descendants
- Gulf Arabic: شيرة (šyara)
- Maltese: siġra
- → Azerbaijani: şəcərə
- → Bashkir: шәжәрә (şəjərə)
- → Chagatai: شجره
- Uyghur: شەجەرە (shejere)
- Uzbek: shajara
- → Hindi: शजरा (śajrā)
- → Indonesian: sejarah (“history”)
- → Kazakh: шежіре (şejıre)
- → Malay: syajarat
- → Ottoman Turkish: شجره (şecere), շէճէրէ (şecere) — Armeno-Turkish
- Turkish: şecere
- → Persian: شجره (šajare)
- → Urdu: شجرہ (śajarā)
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “شجر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Hijazi Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ش ج ر |
| 1 term |
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃa.d͡ʒa.ra/
Noun
شجرة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شجر m (šajar), plural شجرات (šajarāt))
South Levantine Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ش ج ر |
| 2 terms |
Alternative forms
- سجرة (sajara, Galilee)
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
شجرة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شجر m (šajar), paucal شجرات (šajarāt))