شيص
Arabic
FWOTD – 16 June 2023
Alternative forms
- شِيش (šīš), صِيص (ṣīṣ)
Etymology
Borrowed from Aramaic שִׁיצָא (šīṣā, “a somehow inferior quality of dates”), from Akkadian 𒅆𒍮𒌈 (ši-ṣu-tum /šīṣūtū/, “a quality of dates”), 𒊮𒋤 (ŠA3.SUD /šuṣū/, “a quality of date palms and dates”), considered borrowed from Sumerian 𒊮𒋤 (ša3.sud).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃiːsˤ/
Noun
شِيص • (šīṣ) m (collective, singulative شِيصَة f (šīṣa))
- dates of a palm that has not been fecundated and thus have not ripened with stones
- 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, section 47:
- يَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ بِالْقِنْوِ فِيهِ الشِّيصُ وَالْحَشَفُ وَبِالْقِنْوِ قَدِ انْكَسَرَ فَيُعَلِّقُهُ
- yaʔtī r-rajulu bi-l-qinwi fī-hī aš-šīṣu wa-l-ḥašafu wabi-l-qinwi qadi nkasara fa-yuʕalliqu-hū
- The man brings a cluster with infecund and wizened dates in it and a cluster with dates that suffered damage and suspends it.
Declension
| collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شِيص šīṣ |
الشِّيص aš-šīṣ |
شِيص šīṣ |
| nominative | شِيصٌ šīṣun |
الشِّيصُ aš-šīṣu |
شِيصُ šīṣu |
| accusative | شِيصًا šīṣan |
الشِّيصَ aš-šīṣa |
شِيصَ šīṣa |
| genitive | شِيصٍ šīṣin |
الشِّيصِ aš-šīṣi |
شِيصِ šīṣi |
| singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شِيصَة šīṣa |
الشِّيصَة aš-šīṣa |
شِيصَة šīṣat |
| nominative | شِيصَةٌ šīṣatun |
الشِّيصَةُ aš-šīṣatu |
شِيصَةُ šīṣatu |
| accusative | شِيصَةً šīṣatan |
الشِّيصَةَ aš-šīṣata |
شِيصَةَ šīṣata |
| genitive | شِيصَةٍ šīṣatin |
الشِّيصَةِ aš-šīṣati |
شِيصَةِ šīṣati |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | شِيصَتَيْن šīṣatayn |
الشِّيصَتَيْن aš-šīṣatayn |
شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay |
| nominative | شِيصَتَانِ šīṣatāni |
الشِّيصَتَانِ aš-šīṣatāni |
شِيصَتَا šīṣatā |
| accusative | شِيصَتَيْنِ šīṣatayni |
الشِّيصَتَيْنِ aš-šīṣatayni |
شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay |
| genitive | شِيصَتَيْنِ šīṣatayni |
الشِّيصَتَيْنِ aš-šīṣatayni |
شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay |
| paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | شِيصَات šīṣāt |
الشِّيصَات aš-šīṣāt |
شِيصَات šīṣāt |
| nominative | شِيصَاتٌ šīṣātun |
الشِّيصَاتُ aš-šīṣātu |
شِيصَاتُ šīṣātu |
| accusative | شِيصَاتٍ šīṣātin |
الشِّيصَاتِ aš-šīṣāti |
شِيصَاتِ šīṣāti |
| genitive | شِيصَاتٍ šīṣātin |
الشِّيصَاتِ aš-šīṣāti |
شِيصَاتِ šīṣāti |
References
- “شيص” in Almaany
- “šyc”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “شيص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 471a–b
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 146
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “شيص”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1297a
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “شيص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1630c.
- Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen[3] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, , page 114
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden[4] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 341
- Sokoloff, Michael (2002) “שִׁיצָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, →ISBN, page 1139b
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 54