غضا

Arabic

Etymology 1

Extended from the root غ ض ض (ḡ ḍ ḍ).

Alternative forms

غَضًى (ḡaḍan) — without prejudice to the frequency or precedence of either form

Noun

غَضًا • (ḡaḍan) m (collective, singulative غَضَاة f (ḡaḍāh), construct state غَضَا (ḡaḍā))

saxaul (Haloxylon gen. et spp.)
Synonym: (or they may distinguish species by two names) رِمْث (rimṯ)

Declension

Declension of noun **غَضًا** (ḡaḍan)
collective	collective in ـًا (-an)
collective	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	غَضَا ḡaḍā	الْغَضَا al-ḡaḍā	غَضَا ḡaḍā
nominative	غَضًا ḡaḍan	الْغَضَا al-ḡaḍā	غَضَا ḡaḍā
accusative	غَضًا ḡaḍan	الْغَضَا al-ḡaḍā	غَضَا ḡaḍā
genitive	غَضًا ḡaḍan	الْغَضَا al-ḡaḍā	غَضَا ḡaḍā
singulative	singulative triptote in ـَاة (-āh)
singulative	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	غَضَاة ḡaḍāt	الْغَضَاة al-ḡaḍāt	غَضَاة ḡaḍāt
nominative	غَضَاةٌ ḡaḍātun	الْغَضَاةُ al-ḡaḍātu	غَضَاةُ ḡaḍātu
accusative	غَضَاةً ḡaḍātan	الْغَضَاةَ al-ḡaḍāta	غَضَاةَ ḡaḍāta
genitive	غَضَاةٍ ḡaḍātin	الْغَضَاةِ al-ḡaḍāti	غَضَاةِ ḡaḍāti
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	غَضَاتَيْن ḡaḍātayn	الْغَضَاتَيْن al-ḡaḍātayn	غَضَاتَيْ ḡaḍātay
nominative	غَضَاتَانِ ḡaḍātāni	الْغَضَاتَانِ al-ḡaḍātāni	غَضَاتَا ḡaḍātā
accusative	غَضَاتَيْنِ ḡaḍātayni	الْغَضَاتَيْنِ al-ḡaḍātayni	غَضَاتَيْ ḡaḍātay
genitive	غَضَاتَيْنِ ḡaḍātayni	الْغَضَاتَيْنِ al-ḡaḍātayni	غَضَاتَيْ ḡaḍātay
paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
paucal (3-10)	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	غَضَيَات ḡaḍayāt	الْغَضَيَات al-ḡaḍayāt	غَضَيَات ḡaḍayāt
nominative	غَضَيَاتٌ ḡaḍayātun	الْغَضَيَاتُ al-ḡaḍayātu	غَضَيَاتُ ḡaḍayātu
accusative	غَضَيَاتٍ ḡaḍayātin	الْغَضَيَاتِ al-ḡaḍayāti	غَضَيَاتِ ḡaḍayāti
genitive	غَضَيَاتٍ ḡaḍayātin	الْغَضَيَاتِ al-ḡaḍayāti	غَضَيَاتِ ḡaḍayāti

Derived terms

أَغْضَى (ʔaḡḍā, “to close one’s eyelids literally or figuratively as to be intentionally heedless or without regard to something”)
تَغَاضَى (taḡāḍā, “to contract one’s eyelids; to feign oneself unmindful”)
غَضَا (ḡaḍā, “to be dark and cover everything”)
غَضَوِيّ (ḡaḍawiyy, “liking to eat saxaul”)
غَضِيَ (ḡaḍiya, “to have ache in the venter for having eaten saxaul”)
غَضِيّ (ḡaḍiyy) and غَضٍ (ḡaḍin, “having ache in the venter for having eaten saxaul”)
غَضْيَاء (ḡaḍyāʔ, “a land abundant in غَضًا (ḡaḍan) plants”)
مُغِضّ (muḡiḍḍ) and غَاضٍ (ḡāḍin, “sombre, obscure, dark”)

Etymology 2

From figurative uses in relation to the غَضًا (ḡaḍan) plant, in high demand by camels to bite off and by travels for shadow.

Verb

غَضَا • (ḡaḍā) I (non-past يَغْضُو (yaḡḍū), verbal noun غُضُوّ (ḡuḍuww))

to be dark and cover everything

Conjugation

Conjugation of **غَضَا** (I, final-weak, a ~ u, no passive, verbal noun *غُضُوّ*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					غُضُوّ ḡuḍuww
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					غَاضٍ ḡāḍin
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غَضَوْتُ ḡaḍawtu	غَضَوْتَ ḡaḍawta	غَضَا ḡaḍā	غَضَوْتُمَا ḡaḍawtumā	غَضَوَا ḡaḍawā	غَضَوْنَا ḡaḍawnā	غَضَوْتُمْ ḡaḍawtum	غَضَوْا ḡaḍaw
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	غَضَوْتُ ḡaḍawtu	غَضَوْتِ ḡaḍawti	غَضَتْ ḡaḍat	غَضَوْتُمَا ḡaḍawtumā	غَضَتَا ḡaḍatā	غَضَوْنَا ḡaḍawnā	غَضَوْتُنَّ ḡaḍawtunna	غَضَوْنَ ḡaḍawna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَغْضُو ʔaḡḍū	تَغْضُو taḡḍū	يَغْضُو yaḡḍū	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	يَغْضُوَانِ yaḡḍuwāni	نَغْضُو naḡḍū	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَغْضُو ʔaḡḍū	تَغْضِينَ taḡḍīna	تَغْضُو taḡḍū	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	نَغْضُو naḡḍū	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَغْضُوَ ʔaḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَ taḡḍuwa	يَغْضُوَ yaḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	يَغْضُوَا yaḡḍuwā	نَغْضُوَ naḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوا taḡḍū	يَغْضُوا yaḡḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَغْضُوَ ʔaḡḍuwa	تَغْضِي taḡḍī	تَغْضُوَ taḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	نَغْضُوَ naḡḍuwa	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَغْضُ ʔaḡḍu	تَغْضُ taḡḍu	يَغْضُ yaḡḍu	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	يَغْضُوَا yaḡḍuwā	نَغْضُ naḡḍu	تَغْضُوا taḡḍū	يَغْضُوا yaḡḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَغْضُ ʔaḡḍu	تَغْضِي taḡḍī	تَغْضُ taḡḍu	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	نَغْضُ naḡḍu	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُغْضُ uḡḍu		اُغْضُوَا uḡḍuwā			اُغْضُوا uḡḍū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُغْضِي uḡḍī		اُغْضُوَا uḡḍuwā			اُغْضُونَ uḡḍūna

Verb

غَضَا • (ḡaḍā) I (non-past يَغْضُو (yaḡḍū), verbal noun غُضُوّ (ḡuḍuww))

to be in good condition and abundant

Conjugation

Conjugation of **غَضَا** (I, final-weak, a ~ u, no passive, verbal noun *غُضُوّ*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					غُضُوّ ḡuḍuww
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					غَاضٍ ḡāḍin
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غَضَوْتُ ḡaḍawtu	غَضَوْتَ ḡaḍawta	غَضَا ḡaḍā	غَضَوْتُمَا ḡaḍawtumā	غَضَوَا ḡaḍawā	غَضَوْنَا ḡaḍawnā	غَضَوْتُمْ ḡaḍawtum	غَضَوْا ḡaḍaw
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	غَضَوْتُ ḡaḍawtu	غَضَوْتِ ḡaḍawti	غَضَتْ ḡaḍat	غَضَوْتُمَا ḡaḍawtumā	غَضَتَا ḡaḍatā	غَضَوْنَا ḡaḍawnā	غَضَوْتُنَّ ḡaḍawtunna	غَضَوْنَ ḡaḍawna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَغْضُو ʔaḡḍū	تَغْضُو taḡḍū	يَغْضُو yaḡḍū	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	يَغْضُوَانِ yaḡḍuwāni	نَغْضُو naḡḍū	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَغْضُو ʔaḡḍū	تَغْضِينَ taḡḍīna	تَغْضُو taḡḍū	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	تَغْضُوَانِ taḡḍuwāni	نَغْضُو naḡḍū	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَغْضُوَ ʔaḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَ taḡḍuwa	يَغْضُوَ yaḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	يَغْضُوَا yaḡḍuwā	نَغْضُوَ naḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوا taḡḍū	يَغْضُوا yaḡḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَغْضُوَ ʔaḡḍuwa	تَغْضِي taḡḍī	تَغْضُوَ taḡḍuwa	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	نَغْضُوَ naḡḍuwa	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَغْضُ ʔaḡḍu	تَغْضُ taḡḍu	يَغْضُ yaḡḍu	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	يَغْضُوَا yaḡḍuwā	نَغْضُ naḡḍu	تَغْضُوا taḡḍū	يَغْضُوا yaḡḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَغْضُ ʔaḡḍu	تَغْضِي taḡḍī	تَغْضُ taḡḍu	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	تَغْضُوَا taḡḍuwā	نَغْضُ naḡḍu	تَغْضُونَ taḡḍūna	يَغْضُونَ yaḡḍūna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُغْضُ uḡḍu		اُغْضُوَا uḡḍuwā			اُغْضُوا uḡḍū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُغْضِي uḡḍī		اُغْضُوَا uḡḍuwā			اُغْضُونَ uḡḍūna

References

Freytag, Georg (1835) “غضا”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 281b–282a
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “غضا”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 477b–478a
Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “غضا”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 2268c–2269c.
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “غضا”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, pages 756a–b
Wehr, Hans (1979) “غضا”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 792