كراز
See also: کراز
Arabic
Etymology 1
Compare Classical Syriac ܟܱܪܳܙܳܐ (karrāzā, “ram, bell-wether”), Aramaic כַּרְזִילָא / ܟܱܪܙܺܝܠܱܐ (karzīlā, “shepherd, pastor”), Akkadian 𒇽𒆪𒍝𒇻 (/kuzallu/, “shepherd, pastor”), possibly a loan from Hurrian, Urartian, or derived from Sumerian 𒇻𒄖𒊒𒍑𒌈𒆯 (/kuruštu/, “sheep or goats that are kept around to be fattened”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kar.raːz/
Noun
كَرَّاز • (karrāz) m (plural كَرَارِيز (karārīz))
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | كَرَّاز karrāz |
الْكَرَّاز al-karrāz |
كَرَّاز karrāz |
| nominative | كَرَّازٌ karrāzun |
الْكَرَّازُ al-karrāzu |
كَرَّازُ karrāzu |
| accusative | كَرَّازًا karrāzan |
الْكَرَّازَ al-karrāza |
كَرَّازَ karrāza |
| genitive | كَرَّازٍ karrāzin |
الْكَرَّازِ al-karrāzi |
كَرَّازِ karrāzi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | كَرَّازَيْن karrāzayn |
الْكَرَّازَيْن al-karrāzayn |
كَرَّازَيْ karrāzay |
| nominative | كَرَّازَانِ karrāzāni |
الْكَرَّازَانِ al-karrāzāni |
كَرَّازَا karrāzā |
| accusative | كَرَّازَيْنِ karrāzayni |
الْكَرَّازَيْنِ al-karrāzayni |
كَرَّازَيْ karrāzay |
| genitive | كَرَّازَيْنِ karrāzayni |
الْكَرَّازَيْنِ al-karrāzayni |
كَرَّازَيْ karrāzay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | كَرَارِيز karārīz |
الْكَرَارِيز al-karārīz |
كَرَارِيز karārīz |
| nominative | كَرَارِيزُ karārīzu |
الْكَرَارِيزُ al-karārīzu |
كَرَارِيزُ karārīzu |
| accusative | كَرَارِيزَ karārīza |
الْكَرَارِيزَ al-karārīza |
كَرَارِيزَ karārīza |
| genitive | كَرَارِيزَ karārīza |
الْكَرَارِيزِ al-karārīzi |
كَرَارِيزِ karārīzi |
Etymology 2
From Aramaic כרוז / כרז (“a type of container”), Classical Syriac ܟܪܙܐ (karrāzā, “pitcher”), possibly from Akkadian 𒆳𒍣𒍝𒆪 (/kurziza, kurzizakku/, “a basket, container”), from Sumerian 𒄥𒋛𒁲 (/gursisa/, “basket, container”, literally “normal or standard 𒄥 (gur)”).
Pronunciation
Noun
كُرَاز or كُرَّاز • (kurāz or kurrāz) m (plural كِرْزَان (kirzān))
- hydria, cantharus, a kind of jug with strait neck without handles or only short handles
- c. 1110, Al-Ḥarīriyy ed. Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, “المقامة الصورية”, in Les séances de Hariri, volume 1, Paris, published 1822, page 330:
- وَقَد بَذَلَ لَهَا مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ شَلَّاقًا وَعُكّازًا. وَصِقَاعًا وَكُرَّازًا. فَأَنْكَحُوهُ إِنْكَاحَ مِثْلِهِ
- wa-qad baḏala la-hā mina ṣ-ṣadāqi šallāqan wa-ʕukkāzan. wa-ṣiqāʕan wa-kurrāzan. fa-ʔankaḥū-hu ʔinkāḥa miṯli-hī
- And he offered for her of dowry a beggar’s knapsack and mendicant’s staff, and a mouth-rag and a drinking-jar. And they gave him off to marriage in such a fashion.
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | كُرَاز; كُرَّاز kurāz; kurrāz |
الْكُرَاز; الْكُرَّاز al-kurāz; al-kurrāz |
كُرَاز; كُرَّاز kurāz; kurrāz |
| nominative | كُرَازٌ; كُرَّازٌ kurāzun; kurrāzun |
الْكُرَازُ; الْكُرَّازُ al-kurāzu; al-kurrāzu |
كُرَازُ; كُرَّازُ kurāzu; kurrāzu |
| accusative | كُرَازًا; كُرَّازًا kurāzan; kurrāzan |
الْكُرَازَ; الْكُرَّازَ al-kurāza; al-kurrāza |
كُرَازَ; كُرَّازَ kurāza; kurrāza |
| genitive | كُرَازٍ; كُرَّازٍ kurāzin; kurrāzin |
الْكُرَازِ; الْكُرَّازِ al-kurāzi; al-kurrāzi |
كُرَازِ; كُرَّازِ kurāzi; kurrāzi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | كُرَازَيْن; كُرَّازَيْن kurāzayn; kurrāzayn |
الْكُرَازَيْن; الْكُرَّازَيْن al-kurāzayn; al-kurrāzayn |
كُرَازَيْ; كُرَّازَيْ kurāzay; kurrāzay |
| nominative | كُرَازَانِ; كُرَّازَانِ kurāzāni; kurrāzāni |
الْكُرَازَانِ; الْكُرَّازَانِ al-kurāzāni; al-kurrāzāni |
كُرَازَا; كُرَّازَا kurāzā; kurrāzā |
| accusative | كُرَازَيْنِ; كُرَّازَيْنِ kurāzayni; kurrāzayni |
الْكُرَازَيْنِ; الْكُرَّازَيْنِ al-kurāzayni; al-kurrāzayni |
كُرَازَيْ; كُرَّازَيْ kurāzay; kurrāzay |
| genitive | كُرَازَيْنِ; كُرَّازَيْنِ kurāzayni; kurrāzayni |
الْكُرَازَيْنِ; الْكُرَّازَيْنِ al-kurāzayni; al-kurrāzayni |
كُرَازَيْ; كُرَّازَيْ kurāzay; kurrāzay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | كِرْزَان kirzān |
الْكِرْزَان al-kirzān |
كِرْزَان kirzān |
| nominative | كِرْزَانٌ kirzānun |
الْكِرْزَانُ al-kirzānu |
كِرْزَانُ kirzānu |
| accusative | كِرْزَانًا kirzānan |
الْكِرْزَانَ al-kirzāna |
كِرْزَانَ kirzāna |
| genitive | كِرْزَانٍ kirzānin |
الْكِرْزَانِ al-kirzāni |
كِرْزَانِ kirzāni |
Descendants
- → Armenian: քռազ (kʻṙaz)
- → Galician: alcarraza
- → Persian: کراز (korâz)
- → Portuguese: alcarraza
- → Spanish: alcarraza
- → English: alcarraza
References
- “krz”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “krzyl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “krz3”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Corriente, Federico (2008) “كراز”, in Dictionary of Arabic and Allied Loanwords. Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Kindred Dialects (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 97), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 79
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 81–82
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “كراز”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 24
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “كراز”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen, page 881
- Ullmann, Manfred (1959–1970) Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache. Band I (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, pages 124b–125a
Ottoman Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ciˈɾaz/
Noun
كراز • (kiraz)
- alternative form of كراس (kiras, “sweet cherry”)