مسمار
Arabic
Etymology
Compare Akkadian samrūtum (“nail (of copper)”)
Borrowed from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār), מַסְמְרָא (masmərā, “pin, nail”).
Cognate with Hebrew מסמר (masmér).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mis.maːr/
Audio: (file) - (Hijazi) IPA(key): /mus.maːr/, [mʊs.maːr]
Noun
مِسْمَار • (mismār) m (plural مَسَامِير (masāmīr))
- nail, pin, peg, wedge, bolt, even a screw
- vine pole
- forked tentpole
- as مِسْمَار اللَّحْم (mismār al-llaḥm) or مِسْمَار القَدَم (mismār al-qadam): callus
- Synonym: جُسْأَة (jusʔa)
- (obsolete) staphyloma
- a. 1050, مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ], edited by Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs], Leiden: Brill, published 2020, , →ISBN, pages 753 Nr. 588 fol. 53r,4–8:
- الموسرج هو ما نتأ من الطبقة العنبية إذا انحرقت القرنية من كتاب العلل والأعراض الجالينوس، قال الرازي في الكافي: إذا كان صغيرًا فهو موسرج، وإذا كان كبيرًا فهو مسمار.
- †Mūsaraj† (recte: mūrsaraj leg., lit. ‘ant’s head’) is a protrusion of the uvea occurring because of an inflammation of the cornea according to Galen’s ‘Book on Causes and Symptoms’. Al-Rāzī said in his al-Kāfī: If (this protrusion) is small, it is called mūsaraj and if it is large it is called al-mismār (staphyloma, lit. ‘nail’).
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | مِسْمَار mismār |
الْمِسْمَار al-mismār |
مِسْمَار mismār |
| nominative | مِسْمَارٌ mismārun |
الْمِسْمَارُ al-mismāru |
مِسْمَارُ mismāru |
| accusative | مِسْمَارًا mismāran |
الْمِسْمَارَ al-mismāra |
مِسْمَارَ mismāra |
| genitive | مِسْمَارٍ mismārin |
الْمِسْمَارِ al-mismāri |
مِسْمَارِ mismāri |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | مِسْمَارَيْن mismārayn |
الْمِسْمَارَيْن al-mismārayn |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| nominative | مِسْمَارَانِ mismārāni |
الْمِسْمَارَانِ al-mismārāni |
مِسْمَارَا mismārā |
| accusative | مِسْمَارَيْنِ mismārayni |
الْمِسْمَارَيْنِ al-mismārayni |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| genitive | مِسْمَارَيْنِ mismārayni |
الْمِسْمَارَيْنِ al-mismārayni |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | مَسَامِير masāmīr |
الْمَسَامِير al-masāmīr |
مَسَامِير masāmīr |
| nominative | مَسَامِيرُ masāmīru |
الْمَسَامِيرُ al-masāmīru |
مَسَامِيرُ masāmīru |
| accusative | مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
الْمَسَامِيرَ al-masāmīra |
مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
| genitive | مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
الْمَسَامِيرِ al-masāmīri |
مَسَامِيرِ masāmīri |
Derived terms
- مَسْمَرَ (masmara)
Descendants
- Maltese: musmar
- → Amharic: ምስማር (məsmar)
- → Sidamo: mismaare
- → Armenian: մսմար (msmar) (via Turkic)
- → Azerbaijani: mismar
- → Gurani: پسماری (pismārī)
- →? Italian: Musumarra
- → Northern Kurdish: bizmar
- → Old Georgian: მუსმარი (musmari)
- → Ottoman Turkish: مسمار (mismar)
- Turkish: mismar
- → Swahili: msumari
References
- “msmr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 89
- Haupt, Paul (1917) “The Disease of King Teumman of Elam”, in Journal of the Society of Oriental Research[1], volume 1, page 90, derives the Aramaic and Hebrew from Assyrian Akkadian with s₁ as first radical, but a corresponding Akkadian term seems still not attested
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مسمار”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “مسمار”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 597
Najdi Arabic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
مسمار (transliteration needed)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic مِسْمَار (mismār, “nail”), itself from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār).
Noun
مسمار • (mismar) (plural مسامیر (mesamir))
Derived terms
- مسمارلامق (mismarlamak, “to nail”)
- مسمارلو (mismarlı, “nailed, studded”)
- مسماری (mismari, “of the shape of a nail”)
Descendants
- Turkish: mismar
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mismar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3240
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “mismâr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[4] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 780
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مسمار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[5] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1168
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Clavus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[6], Vienna, column 190
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مسمار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[7], Vienna, column 4657
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مسمار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[8], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1857
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic مِسْمَار (mismār). Ultimately borrowed from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār), מַסְמְרָא (masmərā, “pin, nail”).
Pronunciation
Noun
مسمار • (musmār) m (plural مسامير (masāmīr))
- nail (for carpentry)