گران

گران • (giran)

1. heavy

• گراں (gerá̃)
• سنگین

From Proto-Iranian *grā-na- (“heavy”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”).

• IPA^(key): /ɡɾaːn/

گران (giran)

1. expensive

   Antonym: ھەرزان (herzan)

2. heavy, weighty

   Synonyms: قورس (qurs), سەنگین (sengîn)

   Antonym: سووک (sûk)

3. hard, difficult

   Antonym: ئاسان (asan)

• Hejar (1990) “گران”, in Henbane borîne‎^[1], Tehran: Soroush, page 687
• Wahby, T., Edmonds, C. J. (1966) “giran”, in A Kurdish-English Dictionary, page 54

• گرون (gerun) (colloquial Tehrani)
• گرنگ (girang) (colloquial Kabuli)

From Middle Persian glʾn' (garān, “heavy”), from Proto-Iranian *grā-na- (“heavy”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”).^[1] Cognate to Latin gravis (“heavy”).

گران • (gerân) (comparative گران‌تَر, superlative گران‌تَرین)

1. expensive

   Antonym: ارزان (arzân, “cheap”)

   این بسیار گران است. (more formal) ― in besyâr gerân ast. ― This is too expensive.

   این خیلی گرونه. (more colloquial) ― in xeyli gerun-e. ― This is too expensive.

   • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎^[2]:

     یک سال آب نیل وفا نکرد و غله گران شد.

     yak sāl āb-i nīl wafā na-kard u ġalla garān šud.

     One year, the waters of the Nile did not rise and grain became expensive.

2. (archaic in Iran, normal elsewhere) heavy

   Synonym: سنگین (sangin)

   • 1964, Rahi Mo'ayyeri, غزلها - جلد سوم‎^[3]:

     زندگی بر دوش ما بار گرانی بیش نیست
     عمر جاویدان عذاب جاودانی بیش نیست

     zendegi bar duš-e mâ bâr-e gerâni biš nist
     omr-e jâvidân ezâb-e jâvedâni biš nist

     Life on my shoulders is no more than a heavy load;
     The eternal life is no more than a torment everlasting.

• → Pashto:
  • → Phalura: graán