ܐܚܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
| Root |
|---|
| ܐ ܚ ܐ (ˀ ḥ ˀ) |
| 4 terms |
Etymology
From Aramaic אֲחָא (ʾăḥā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫw-.
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ʔaxɑː]
Noun
ܐܲܚܵܐ • (aḥḥā) m sg (plural ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (aḥwāṯē) or ܐܲܚ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥḥawāṯā), feminine ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯā))
- brother (male sibling having parents in common)
- ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܡܲܟ̰ܫ݇ܚܸܢ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܚܝܼ، ܩܸܡ ܡܛܲܠܩܸܢ ܠܹܗ.
- wālē d-mačḥin lēh aḥī, qim mṭalqin lēh.
- I have to find my brother, I lost him.
- ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܚܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܣܘܲܝܕ݂ ܘܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܐܲܠܡܵܢܝܼܵܐ.
- īṯ lāh aḥḥā gāw swayḏ w-ḥāṯā gāw almānīyā.
- She has a brother in Sweden and a sister in Germany.
- Proverbs 17:17:
- ܚܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܒܟܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒ، ܘܐܲܚܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܠܨܵܢܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܠܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ.
- ḥaḇrā b-kul zaḇnā kē maḥḥib, w-aḥḥā qā ˁiddānā d-ulṣānā pīšā ìlēh līḏā.
- A friend loves at all times, And a brother is born for adversity.
- (in the plural) siblings
- kinsman, friend, companion
- monk, friar
- (in the first-person possessive form) Respectful term of address to a male around one’s own age or slightly younger (see usage notes below)
Usage notes
- This term on its own is used both literally and figuratively; including full brothers, half-brothers and step-brothers.
- (term of address) The term used by old individuals to a male a lot younger than them is ܒܪܘܿܢܝܼ (brōnī, literally “My son”), and not this term.
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܐܲܚ (aḥ) | 1st person | ܐܲܚܝܼ (aḥī) | ܐܲܚܘܼܢ (aḥūn) | |||
| construct | ܐܲܚܘܼ (aḥū) | 2nd person | ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ (aḥōḵ) | ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ܝ (aḥūḵ) | ܐܲܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥḥāwḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܐܲܚܵܐ (aḥḥā) | 3rd person | ܐܲܚܘܼܗܝ (aḥūh) | ܐܲܚܘܿܗ̇ (aḥḥōh) | ܐܲܚܘܼܗܘܿܢ (aḥūhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܐܲܚܝܼ̈ܢ (aḥīn) | 1st person | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (aḥwāṯī) | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (aḥwāṯan) | |||
| construct | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ (aḥwāṯ) | 2nd person | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (aḥwāṯōḵ) | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (aḥwāṯāḵ) | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯāwḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (aḥwāṯē) | 3rd person | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܗ (aḥwāṯēh) | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (aḥwāṯāh) | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯhōn) | |||
Derived terms
- ܐܲܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥūṯā, “brotherhood, fraternity”)
- ܐܲܚܘܿܢܵܐ (aḥōnā, “little brother; brother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܐ ܐܘܼܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ūgā, “half brother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܐ ܚܘܼܪܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ḥurgā, “stepbrother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܝܵܐ (aḥḥāyā, “brotherly, fraternal”)
- ܐ݇ܚܝܵܢܵܐ (ḥyānā, “relative”)
- ܒܲܪ ܐܲܚܵܐ (bar aḥḥā, “fraternal nephew”)
- ܒܲܪ݇ܬ ܐܲܚܵܐ (bat aḥḥā, “fraternal niece”)
Classical Syriac
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫw-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʔăħɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ʔăħe] (plural)
Noun
ܐܚܐ • (ʾăḥā) m (plural ܐܚܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܬܐ)
- brother
- (in the plural) siblings
- kinsman, friend, companion
- peer, colleague, associate
- neighbour
- monk, friar
Usage notes
The word ܐܚܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇā, “father”) and ܚܡܐ (ḥəmā, “father-in-law”).
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܐܚ | 1st person | ܐܚܝ | ܐܚܘܢ | |||
| construct | ܐܚ | 2nd person | ܐܚܘܟ | ܐܚܘܟܝ | ܐܚܘܟܘܢ | ܐܚܘܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | 3rd person | ܐܚܘܗܝ | ܐܚܘܗ | ܐܚܘܗܘܢ | ܐܚܘܗܝܢ | |||
| plural | absolute | ܐܚܝܢ | 1st person | ܐܚܝ | ܐܚܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܐܚܝ | 2nd person | ܐܚܝܟ | ܐܚܝܟܝ | ܐܚܝܟܘܢ | ܐܚܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | 3rd person | ܐܚܘܗܝ | ܐܚܝܗ | ܐܚܝܗܘܢ | ܐܚܝܗܝܢ | |||
Derived terms
References
- “ˀḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 15 June 2011
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 5a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 9b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 25a