ܫܘܠܛܢܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology
Inherited from Aramaic שׁוּלְטָנָא (šūlṭānā); compare Hebrew שִׁלְטוֹן (shiltón, “rulership, authority”) and also borrowed into Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān, “Sultan”). The second and third meanings are learned semantic loans from Classical Syriac.
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ʃul.tˤɑːnɑː]
Noun
ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܐ • (šulṭānā) m sg (plural ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܹ̈ܐ (šulṭānē), feminine ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šulṭānīṯā))
- ruler, sultan
- a government, authority
- governance, rule, office; power, might
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢ (šulṭān) | 1st person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܝܼ (šulṭānī) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܢ (šulṭānan) | |||
| construct | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢ (šulṭān) | 2nd person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (šulṭānōḵ) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (šulṭānāḵ) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šulṭānawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܐ (šulṭānā) | 3rd person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܹܗ (šulṭānēh) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܗ̇ (šulṭānāh) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܗܘܿܢ (šulṭānhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܝܼ̈ܢ (šulṭānīn) | 1st person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܝܼ̈ (šulṭānī) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܢ̈ (šulṭānan) | |||
| construct | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܝ̈ (šulṭānay) | 2nd person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šulṭānōḵ) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šulṭānāḵ) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šulṭānawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܹ̈ܐ (šulṭānē) | 3rd person | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šulṭānūh) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (šulṭānōh) | ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (šulṭānayhōn) | |||
Related terms
- ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šulṭānāyā)
- ܫܲܠܝܼܛܵܐ (šalīṭā)
Classical Syriac
Etymology
From the root ܫ ܠ ܛ related to dominating. Compare Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʃultˤɑnɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ʃultˤɑne] (plural)
Noun
ܫܘܠܛܢܐ • (šūlṭānā) m (plural ܫܘܠܛܢܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܘܠܛܢܝܬܐ)
- power, might
- domination, victory
- sway, mastery, control
- free will
- yielding
- permission
- function, duty, charge
- authority, rule, government, office
- sovereignty, imperium, jurisdiction, capacity
- dominion, territory, district, province, diocese
- sultan, prince
- chief, ruler, commander, governor, magistrate
- (used with possessive suffixes as a title) Excellency
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܫܘܠܛܢ | 1st person | ܫܘܠܛܢܝ | ܫܘܠܛܢܢ | |||
| construct | ܫܘܠܛܢ | 2nd person | ܫܘܠܛܢܟ | ܫܘܠܛܢܟܝ | ܫܘܠܛܢܟܘܢ | ܫܘܠܛܢܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܫܘܠܛܢܐ | 3rd person | ܫܘܠܛܢܗ | ܫܘܠܛܢܗ | ܫܘܠܛܢܗܘܢ | ܫܘܠܛܢܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܢ | 1st person | ܫܘܠܛܢܝ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܫܘܠܛܢܝ | 2nd person | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܟ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܟܝ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܟܘܢ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܫܘܠܛܢܐ | 3rd person | ܫܘܠܛܢܘܗܝ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܗ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܗܘܢ | ܫܘܠܛܢܝܗܝܢ | ||
Descendants
- → Arabic: سُلطان (sulṭān) (see there for further descendants)
References
- “šwlṭn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 20 July 2012
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 370a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 565b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 1528a–b