उपवसथ

Sanskrit

Etymology

From उप- (upa-, “with”) +‎ वसथ (vasatha, “dwelling”) or उप- (upa-, “with”) +‎ वस् (vas, “to dwell”) +‎ -थ (-tha, agentive suffix), literally “dwelling with”.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ.ʋɐ.sɐ.tʰɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ.ʋɐ.s̪ɐ.t̪ʰɐ/

Noun

उपवसथ • (upavasatha) stem, m

The day before a soma sacrifice.
A fast day.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपवसथ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	उपवसथः (upavasathaḥ)	उपवसथौ (upavasathau) उपवसथा¹ (upavasathā¹)	उपवसथाः (upavasathāḥ) उपवसथासः¹ (upavasathāsaḥ¹)
accusative	उपवसथम् (upavasatham)	उपवसथौ (upavasathau) उपवसथा¹ (upavasathā¹)	उपवसथान् (upavasathān)
instrumental	उपवसथेन (upavasathena)	उपवसथाभ्याम् (upavasathābhyām)	उपवसथैः (upavasathaiḥ) उपवसथेभिः¹ (upavasathebhiḥ¹)
dative	उपवसथाय (upavasathāya)	उपवसथाभ्याम् (upavasathābhyām)	उपवसथेभ्यः (upavasathebhyaḥ)
ablative	उपवसथात् (upavasathāt)	उपवसथाभ्याम् (upavasathābhyām)	उपवसथेभ्यः (upavasathebhyaḥ)
genitive	उपवसथस्य (upavasathasya)	उपवसथयोः (upavasathayoḥ)	उपवसथानाम् (upavasathānām)
locative	उपवसथे (upavasathe)	उपवसथयोः (upavasathayoḥ)	उपवसथेषु (upavasatheṣu)
vocative	उपवसथ (upavasatha)	उपवसथौ (upavasathau) उपवसथा¹ (upavasathā¹)	उपवसथाः (upavasathāḥ) उपवसथासः¹ (upavasathāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀣 (posatha), *𑀉𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀣 (*uposatha)
- Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀳 (posaha), *𑀉𑀯𑁄𑀲𑀳 (*uvosaha)
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ފޮއި (foi)
    - Sinhalese: පෝය (pōya), පොහොය (pohoya)
  - >? Marathi: ओवसा (ovsā), वसा (vasā)
  - >? Odia: ଓଷା (oṣā), ଉଷା (uṣā)
Pali: uposatha
- Thai: อุโบสถ (ù-boo-sòt)

References

Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उपवसथ”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “upavasatha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 105