उपाध्याय

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of ओझा (ojhā).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʊ.pɑːd̪ʱ.jɑːj/, [ʊ.päːd̪ʱ.jäːj]

Noun

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāy) m

teacher, guru
(Jainism, Buddhism) upadhyaya (one of the five types of revered people in Jainism)

Declension

Declension of *उपाध्याय* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्याय upādhyāy
oblique	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायों upādhyāyõ
vocative	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायो upādhyāyo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

উপাধ্যায় (Assamese script)
ᬉᬧᬵᬥ᭄ᬬᬵᬬ (Balinese script)
উপাধ্যায় (Bengali script)
𑰄𑰢𑰯𑰠𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀉𑀧𑀸𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀬 (Brahmi script)
ဥပါဓျာယ (Burmese script)
ઉપાધ્યાય (Gujarati script)
ਉਪਾਧ੍ਯਾਯ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌉𑌪𑌾𑌧𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌯 (Grantha script)
ꦈꦥꦴꦣꦾꦴꦪ (Javanese script)
𑂇𑂣𑂰𑂡𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂨 (Kaithi script)
ಉಪಾಧ್ಯಾಯ (Kannada script)
ឧបាធ្យាយ (Khmer script)
ອຸປາຘ຺ຍາຍ (Lao script)
ഉപാധ്യായ (Malayalam script)
ᡠᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢡᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘠𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘧 (Modi script)
ᠤᢒᠠᢗᢑᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦤𑧂𑧑𑧀𑧠𑧇𑧑𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
𑐄𑐥𑐵𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫 (Newa script)
ଉପାଧ୍ଯାଯ (Odia script)
ꢆꢦꢵꢤ꣄ꢫꢵꢫ (Saurashtra script)
𑆇𑆥𑆳𑆣𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆪 (Sharada script)
𑖄𑖢𑖯𑖠𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖧 (Siddham script)
උපාධ්‍යාය (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩒𑩰𑩛𑩮 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑩻 (Soyombo script)
𑚄𑚞𑚭𑚜𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚣 (Takri script)
உபாத்⁴யாய (Tamil script)
ఉపాధ్యాయ (Telugu script)
อุปาธฺยาย (Thai script)
ཨུ་པཱ་དྷྱཱ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒡𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨃𑨞𑨊𑨜𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From उप (upa) +‎ अध्याय (adhyāya), itself from अधि- (adhi-) +‎ इ (i).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːdʱ.jɑː.jɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːd̪ʱ.jɑː.jɐ/

Noun

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāya) stem, m

teacher, preceptor, advisor, counselor

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपाध्याय
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ)	उपाध्यायौ (upādhyāyau) उपाध्याया¹ (upādhyāyā¹)	उपाध्यायाः (upādhyāyāḥ) उपाध्यायासः¹ (upādhyāyāsaḥ¹)
accusative	उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam)	उपाध्यायौ (upādhyāyau) उपाध्याया¹ (upādhyāyā¹)	उपाध्यायान् (upādhyāyān)
instrumental	उपाध्यायेन (upādhyāyena)	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् (upādhyāyābhyām)	उपाध्यायैः (upādhyāyaiḥ) उपाध्यायेभिः¹ (upādhyāyebhiḥ¹)
dative	उपाध्यायाय (upādhyāyāya)	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् (upādhyāyābhyām)	उपाध्यायेभ्यः (upādhyāyebhyaḥ)
ablative	उपाध्यायात् (upādhyāyāt)	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् (upādhyāyābhyām)	उपाध्यायेभ्यः (upādhyāyebhyaḥ)
genitive	उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya)	उपाध्याययोः (upādhyāyayoḥ)	उपाध्यायानाम् (upādhyāyānām)
locative	उपाध्याये (upādhyāye)	उपाध्याययोः (upādhyāyayoḥ)	उपाध्यायेषु (upādhyāyeṣu)
vocative	उपाध्याय (upādhyāya)	उपाध्यायौ (upādhyāyau) उपाध्याया¹ (upādhyāyā¹)	उपाध्यायाः (upādhyāyāḥ) उपाध्यायासः¹ (upādhyāyāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: ওজা (üza)
- Bengali: ওঝা (ōjha)
- Odia: ଓଝା (ojhā)
Old Marathi: ऊवजा (ūvajā)
Pali: upajjhāya
- → Khmer: ឧបជ្ឈាយ៍ (ʼupacchiə)
- → Sinhalese: උපා ධ්‍යායයා (upā dhyāyayā)
- → Thai: อุปัชฌายะ (ù-bpàt-chaa-yá), อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)
Prakrit: 𑀉𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (uajjhāa), 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (ujjhāa)
- Hindi: ओझा (ojhā)
- → Middle Chinese: 和尚 (hwa dzyang^H)
- → Hindi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)

→ Assamese: উপাধ্যায় (upadhyay)
→ Bengali: উপাধ্যায় (upaddhaẏ)
→ Malayalam: ഉപാധ്യായൻ (upādhyāyaṉ), വാധ്യാൻ (vādhyāṉ), വാദ്ധ്യായൻ (vāddhyāyaṉ)
→ Old Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
- Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
→ Marathi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)
→ Classical Persian: خْوَاجَه (xwāja) (via some Prakrit intermediary) (see there for further descendants)
→ Punjabi: ਓਝਾ (ojjhā)
→ Tamil: உவாத்தி (uvātti), உபாத்தி (upātti), வாத்தியாயர் (vāttiyāyar), ஓச்சன் (ōccaṉ), வாத்தியார் (vāttiyār)
→ Telugu: ఉపాధ్యాయుడు (upādhyāyuḍu), ఒజ్జే (ojjē), ఓజ (ōja), ఓజు (ōju)

→ Tibetan: མཁན་པོ (mkhan po) (calque) (see there for further descendants)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “उपाध्याय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0213.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “उपाध्याय”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उपाध्याय”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
“उपाध्याय” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 092.
Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 160