उपाय
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाय (upāya).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʊ.pɑːj/, [ʊ.päːj]
Noun
उपाय • (upāy) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | उपाय upāy |
उपाय upāy |
| oblique | उपाय upāy |
उपायों upāyõ |
| vocative | उपाय upāy |
उपायो upāyo |
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाय (upāya). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘌 (upāo), 𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘪 (upāva).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /u.paj/
Noun
उपाय • (upāy) m
Declension
| Declension of उपाय (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
उपाय upāy | ||
| direct plural |
उपाय upāy | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
उपाय upāy |
उपाय upāy | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
उपाया upāyā |
उपायां- upāyān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
उपायाला upāyālā |
उपायांना upāyānnā | |
| ergative | उपायाने, उपायानं upāyāne, upāyāna |
उपायांनी upāyānnī | |
| instrumental | उपायाशी upāyāśī |
उपायांशी upāyānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
उपायात upāyāt |
उपायांत upāyāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
उपाया upāyā |
उपायांनो upāyānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of उपाय (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
उपायाचा upāyāċā |
उपायाचे upāyāċe |
उपायाची upāyācī |
उपायाच्या upāyācā |
उपायाचे, उपायाचं upāyāċe, upāyāċa |
उपायाची upāyācī |
उपायाच्या upāyācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
उपायांचा upāyānċā |
उपायांचे upāyānċe |
उपायांची upāyāñcī |
उपायांच्या upāyāncā |
उपायांचे, उपायांचं upāyānċe, upāyānċa |
उपायांची upāyāñcī |
उपायांच्या upāyāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “उपाय”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “उपाव”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Nepali
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाय (upāya).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [upäe]
- Phonetic Devanagari: उपाए
Noun
उपाय • (upāya)
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
उपाय m
- Devanagari script form of upāya (“approach”)
Declension
Declension table of "उपाय" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | उपायो (upāyo) | उपाया (upāyā) |
| Accusative (second) | उपायं (upāyaṃ) | उपाये (upāye) |
| Instrumental (third) | उपायेन (upāyena) | उपायेहि (upāyehi) or उपायेभि (upāyebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | उपायस्स (upāyassa) or उपायाय (upāyāya) or उपायत्थं (upāyatthaṃ) | उपायानं (upāyānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | उपायस्मा (upāyasmā) or उपायम्हा (upāyamhā) or उपाया (upāyā) | उपायेहि (upāyehi) or उपायेभि (upāyebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | उपायस्स (upāyassa) | उपायानं (upāyānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | उपायस्मिं (upāyasmiṃ) or उपायम्हि (upāyamhi) or उपाये (upāye) | उपायेसु (upāyesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | उपाय (upāya) | उपाया (upāyā) |
Sanskrit
Etymology
Compound of उप- (upa-) + अय (aya, “going”).
Noun
उपाय • (upāya) stem, m
Descendants
- → Assamese: উপায় (upay)
- → Bengali: উপায় (upaẏ)
- → Pali: upāya
- → Hindi: उपाय (upāy)
- → Kannada: ಉಪಾಯ (upāya)
- →⇒ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽼𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽶𐾀 (upayaparamit)
- → Kapampangan: upaya
- → Malayalam: ഉപായം (upāyaṁ)
- → Marathi: उपाय (upāy)
- → Nepali: उपाय (upāya)
- → Old Marathi: 𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘌 (upāo), 𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘪 (upāva)
- → Tamil: உபாயம் (upāyam)
- → Telugu: ఉపాయము (upāyamu)
- → Tocharian B: upāy