खोर

Hindi

Etymology

From Prakrit *khōra- (“cavity, hollow”), of unknown further origin.

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /kʰoːɾ/

Noun

खोर • (khor) f

a hollowed-out place, a cavern, a (sunken) lane or alley

Declension

Declension of *खोर* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	खोर khor	खोरें khorẽ
oblique	खोर khor	खोरों khorõ
vocative	खोर khor	खोरो khoro

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “खोर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*khōla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

খোৰ (Assamese script)
ᬔᭀᬭ (Balinese script)
খোর (Bengali script)
𑰏𑰺𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀔𑁄𑀭 (Brahmi script)
ခေါရ (Burmese script)
ખોર (Gujarati script)
ਖੋਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌖𑍋𑌰 (Grantha script)
ꦑꦺꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
𑂎𑂷𑂩 (Kaithi script)
ಖೋರ (Kannada script)
ខោរ (Khmer script)
ໂຂຣ (Lao script)
ഖോര (Malayalam script)
ᡘᠣᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘏𑘻𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠻᠣᠸᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦯𑧜𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐏𑑀𑐬 (Newa script)
ଖୋର (Odia script)
ꢓꣂꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆒𑆾𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖏𑖺𑖨 (Siddham script)
ඛොර (Sinhalese script)
𑩝𑩕𑩼 (Soyombo script)
𑚋𑚴𑚤 (Takri script)
கே²ார (Tamil script)
ఖోర (Telugu script)
โขร (Thai script)
ཁོ་ར (Tibetan script)
𑒐𑒼𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
𑨌𑨆𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Dravidian or Munda, due to wide phonetic variation in the word's relatives; compare Kota (India) குண்ட் (kuṇṭ, “to limp, be lame”). Alternative theories that attempt to link the word to terms in other Indo-European branches, such as to Polish kulawy (“lame, limping”) and Latin claudus (“limping, halting”) are to be rejected due to the word's relatives suggesting that the original form contained a retroflex consonant.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kʰɐw.ɾɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /kʰoː.ɾɐ/
Hyphenation: खो‧र

Adjective

खोर • (khora) stem

limping, lame

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of खोर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	खोरः (khoraḥ)	खोरौ (khorau) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)	खोराः (khorāḥ) खोरासः¹ (khorāsaḥ¹)
accusative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरौ (khorau) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)	खोरान् (khorān)
instrumental	खोरेण (khoreṇa)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरैः (khoraiḥ) खोरेभिः¹ (khorebhiḥ¹)
dative	खोराय (khorāya)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
ablative	खोरात् (khorāt)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
genitive	खोरस्य (khorasya)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोराणाम् (khorāṇām)
locative	खोरे (khore)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरेषु (khoreṣu)
vocative	खोर (khora)	खोरौ (khorau) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)	खोराः (khorāḥ) खोरासः¹ (khorāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of खोरा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	खोरा (khorā)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
accusative	खोराम् (khorām)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
instrumental	खोरया (khorayā) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभिः (khorābhiḥ)
dative	खोरायै (khorāyai)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभ्यः (khorābhyaḥ)
ablative	खोरायाः (khorāyāḥ) खोरायै² (khorāyai²)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभ्यः (khorābhyaḥ)
genitive	खोरायाः (khorāyāḥ) खोरायै² (khorāyai²)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोराणाम् (khorāṇām)
locative	खोरायाम् (khorāyām)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरासु (khorāsu)
vocative	खोरे (khore)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of खोर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरे (khore)	खोराणि (khorāṇi) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)
accusative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरे (khore)	खोराणि (khorāṇi) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)
instrumental	खोरेण (khoreṇa)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरैः (khoraiḥ) खोरेभिः¹ (khorebhiḥ¹)
dative	खोराय (khorāya)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
ablative	खोरात् (khorāt)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
genitive	खोरस्य (khorasya)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोराणाम् (khorāṇām)
locative	खोरे (khore)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरेषु (khoreṣu)
vocative	खोर (khora)	खोरे (khore)	खोराणि (khorāṇi) खोरा¹ (khorā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: khúṭa
- Gawar-Bati: کھُٹَ (khuṭa)
- Kalasha: khū́ṭa
- Kashmiri: کھۆٹھ (khoṭh)
- Khowar: کھٹ (khuṭu)
- Pashayi:
  - Northeast Pashayi: xuṭo
    - → Parachi: kuṭṭȫ
  - Northwest Pashayi: kuṭá
- Phalura: کھٹ (khuṭu)
- Shina: کھُڑُ (khŭṛŭ), کھُوڑُ (khūṛŭ), کھُڑو (khuṛo)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (xuṭa)
- → Proto-Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: kuṭä
  - Kamkata-viri: kuṭë́
  - Waigali: kuṭə
Prakrit: 𑀔𑁄𑀟 (khoḍa)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: khõṛā
      - Hindi: खोँड़ा
      - Urdu: کھوںڑَا (khõṛā)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - ⇒ Assamese: খোৰাইব (khüraibo)
    - Bengali: খোঁড়া (khō̃ṛa), খুঁড়ি (khũṛi)
      - ⇒ Bengali: খুঁড়ান (khũṛan)
    - Odia: ଖୋଡ଼ (khoṛa)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Nepali: खोरन्डो (khoranḍo)
      - ⇒ Nepali: खुन्याबा (khunyābā)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Punjabi: khoṇḍa
      Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਂਡਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: کھوݨڈَ
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ކޮރު (koru)
    - Sinhalese: කොර (kora), කෙර (kera)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: खोड (khoḍ), खोडा (khoḍā), खुळा (khuḷā)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gujarati: ખોડું (khoḍũ)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “खोर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 341, column 1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 312
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “khora”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 209