गोधा
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
गोधा f
- Devanagari script form of godhā (“monitor lizard”)
Declension
Declension table of "गोधा" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | गोधा (godhā) | गोधायो (godhāyo) or गोधा (godhā) |
| Accusative (second) | गोधं (godhaṃ) | गोधायो (godhāyo) or गोधा (godhā) |
| Instrumental (third) | गोधाय (godhāya) | गोधाहि (godhāhi) or गोधाभि (godhābhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | गोधाय (godhāya) | गोधानं (godhānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | गोधाय (godhāya) | गोधाहि (godhāhi) or गोधाभि (godhābhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | गोधाय (godhāya) | गोधानं (godhānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | गोधाय (godhāya) or गोधायं (godhāyaṃ) | गोधासु (godhāsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | गोधे (godhe) | गोधायो (godhāyo) or गोधा (godhā) |
Prakrit
Noun
गोधा (godhā)
- Devanagari script form of 𑀕𑁄𑀥𑀸 (“monitor lizard”)
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- গোধা (Assamese script)
- ᬕᭀᬥᬵ (Balinese script)
- গোধা (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰺𑰠𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑁄𑀥𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ဂေါဓာ (Burmese script)
- ગોધા (Gujarati script)
- ਗੋਧਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍋𑌧𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦺꦴꦣꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂷𑂡𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಗೋಧಾ (Kannada script)
- គោធា (Khmer script)
- ໂຄຘາ (Lao script)
- ഗോധാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠣᢡᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘻𑘠𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠣᠸᠠᢑᠾᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧜𑧀𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑑀𑐢𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଗୋଧା (Odia script)
- ꢔꣂꢤꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆾𑆣𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖺𑖠𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ගොධා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩕𑩮𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚴𑚜𑚭 (Takri script)
- கே³ாத⁴ா (Tamil script)
- గోధా (Telugu script)
- โคธา (Thai script)
- གོ་དྷཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒼𑒡𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨆𑨜𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Traditionally explained as गो (go, “ox; cattle”) + धा (dhā), from धयति (dhayati, “to suck”), literally "cow-sucker", which is likely based on either folk etymology[1] or folk belief about milk-sucking reptile or amphibian common to some Indo-European cultures.[2] Possibly comparable with Old Armenian կովադիաց (kovadiacʻ, “lizard”), Northern Kurdish bizinmij (“monitor lizard”, literally “goat sucker”), and even Latin būfō (“toad”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɐw.dʱɑ́ː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡoː.d̪ʱɑː/
Noun
गोधा • (godhā́) stem, f
- a kind of monitor lizard or other big lizard
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 4.3.6:
- मूर्णा॒ मृग॒स्य द॒न्ता अ॒पिशीर्णा उ पृष्ट॒यः ।
निम्रु॒क् ते गोधा॒ भवतु नीचा॒यच् छशयु॒र् मृगः॒ ॥- mū́rṇā mṛ́gasyá dantā́ apíśī́rṇā́ ú pṛṣṭayáḥ.
nímruk té gódhā bhávátú nī́cāyác cháśáyur mṛ́gaḥ. - Ruined (are) the teeth of the beast; crushed in also (its) ribs;
Disappearing be for thee the godhā́ (monitor lizard); downward go the lurking(?) beast.
- mū́rṇā mṛ́gasyá dantā́ apíśī́rṇā́ ú pṛṣṭayáḥ.
- मूर्णा॒ मृग॒स्य द॒न्ता अ॒पिशीर्णा उ पृष्ट॒यः ।
- sinew, chord
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.69.9:
- अव स्वराति गर्गरो गोधा परि सनिष्वणत् ।
पिङ्गा परि चनिष्कदद् इन्द्राय ब्रह्मोद्यतम् ॥- ava svarāti gargaro godhā pari saniṣvaṇat.
piṅgā pari caniṣkadad indrāya brahmodyatam. - The gargara (musical instrument) utters its sound, the chord resonates;
the bowstring vibrates; to Indra is the hymn presented.
- ava svarāti gargaro godhā pari saniṣvaṇat.
- अव स्वराति गर्गरो गोधा परि सनिष्वणत् ।
- a leather strap worn around the left arm to prevent injury from a bowstring
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गोधा (godhā́) | गोधे (godhé) | गोधाः (godhā́ḥ) |
| accusative | गोधाम् (godhā́m) | गोधे (godhé) | गोधाः (godhā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | गोधया (godháyā) गोधा¹ (godhā́¹) |
गोधाभ्याम् (godhā́bhyām) | गोधाभिः (godhā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | गोधायै (godhā́yai) | गोधाभ्याम् (godhā́bhyām) | गोधाभ्यः (godhā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गोधायाः (godhā́yāḥ) गोधायै² (godhā́yai²) |
गोधाभ्याम् (godhā́bhyām) | गोधाभ्यः (godhā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गोधायाः (godhā́yāḥ) गोधायै² (godhā́yai²) |
गोधयोः (godháyoḥ) | गोधानाम् (godhā́nām) |
| locative | गोधायाम् (godhā́yām) | गोधयोः (godháyoḥ) | गोधासु (godhā́su) |
| vocative | गोधे (gódhe) | गोधे (gódhe) | गोधाः (gódhāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “godhā́-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 498
- ^ Ermacora, Davide (2017) “The comparative milk-suckling reptile”, in Anthropozoologica, volume 52, number 1, , pages 59–81