घर्षण
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit घर्षण (gharṣaṇa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡʱəɾ.ʂəɳ/, [ɡʱɐɾ.ʃɐ̃ɳ]
Noun
घर्षण • (gharṣaṇ) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | घर्षण gharṣaṇ |
घर्षण gharṣaṇ |
| oblique | घर्षण gharṣaṇ |
घर्षणों gharṣaṇõ |
| vocative | घर्षण gharṣaṇ |
घर्षणो gharṣaṇo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “घर्षण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit घर्षण (gharṣaṇa). Related with घासणे (ghāsṇe, “to rub”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʱəɾ.ʂəɳ/
Noun
घर्षण • (gharṣaṇ) n
Declension
| Declension of घर्षण (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
घर्षण gharṣaṇ | ||
| direct plural |
घर्षणे, घर्षणं gharṣaṇe, gharṣaṇa | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
घर्षण gharṣaṇ |
घर्षणे, घर्षणं gharṣaṇe, gharṣaṇa | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
घर्षणा gharṣaṇā |
घर्षणां- gharṣaṇān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
घर्षणाला gharṣaṇālā |
घर्षणांना gharṣaṇānnā | |
| ergative | घर्षणाने, घर्षणानं gharṣaṇāne, gharṣaṇāna |
घर्षणांनी gharṣaṇānnī | |
| instrumental | घर्षणाशी gharṣaṇāśī |
घर्षणांशी gharṣaṇānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
घर्षणात gharṣaṇāt |
घर्षणांत gharṣaṇāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
घर्षणा gharṣaṇā |
घर्षणांनो gharṣaṇānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of घर्षण (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
घर्षणाचा gharṣaṇāċā |
घर्षणाचे gharṣaṇāċe |
घर्षणाची gharṣaṇācī |
घर्षणाच्या gharṣaṇācā |
घर्षणाचे, घर्षणाचं gharṣaṇāċe, gharṣaṇāċa |
घर्षणाची gharṣaṇācī |
घर्षणाच्या gharṣaṇācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
घर्षणांचा gharṣaṇānċā |
घर्षणांचे gharṣaṇānċe |
घर्षणांची gharṣaṇāñcī |
घर्षणांच्या gharṣaṇāncā |
घर्षणांचे, घर्षणांचं gharṣaṇānċe, gharṣaṇānċa |
घर्षणांची gharṣaṇāñcī |
घर्षणांच्या gharṣaṇāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- घर्षणात्मक (gharṣaṇātmak, “frictional”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “घर्षण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ঘৰ্ষণ (Assamese script)
- ᬖᬃᬱᬡ (Balinese script)
- ঘর্ষণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰑𑰨𑰿𑰬𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀖𑀭𑁆𑀱𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ဃရ္ၑဏ (Burmese script)
- ઘર્ષણ (Gujarati script)
- ਘਰ੍ਸ਼ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌘𑌰𑍍𑌷𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦓꦂꦰꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂐𑂩𑂹𑂭𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಘರ್ಷಣ (Kannada script)
- ឃឞ៌ណ (Khmer script)
- ຆຣ຺ຩຓ (Lao script)
- ഘര്ഷണ (Malayalam script)
- ᢚᠠᡵᢢᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘑𑘨𑘿𑘬𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠾᠠᠷᢔᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦱𑧈𑧠𑧌𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐑𑐬𑑂𑐲𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଘର୍ଷଣ (Odia script)
- ꢕꢬ꣄ꢰꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆔𑆫𑇀𑆰𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖑𑖨𑖿𑖬𑖜 (Siddham script)
- ඝර්ෂණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩟𑩼 𑪙𑪀𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚍𑚤𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
- க⁴ர்ஷண (Tamil script)
- ఘర్షణ (Telugu script)
- ฆรฺษณ (Thai script)
- གྷ་རྵ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒒𑒩𑓂𑒭𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨎𑨫𑩇𑨯𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root घृष् (ghṛṣ) + -अन (-ana).
Noun
घर्षण • (gharṣaṇa) stem, n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | घर्षणम् (gharṣaṇam) | घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe) | घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni) |
| accusative | घर्षणम् (gharṣaṇam) | घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe) | घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni) |
| instrumental | घर्षणेन (gharṣaṇena) | घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām) | घर्षणैः (gharṣaṇaiḥ) |
| dative | घर्षणाय (gharṣaṇāya) | घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām) | घर्षणेभ्यः (gharṣaṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | घर्षणात् (gharṣaṇāt) | घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām) | घर्षणेभ्यः (gharṣaṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | घर्षणस्य (gharṣaṇasya) | घर्षणयोः (gharṣaṇayoḥ) | घर्षणानाम् (gharṣaṇānām) |
| locative | घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe) | घर्षणयोः (gharṣaṇayoḥ) | घर्षणेषु (gharṣaṇeṣu) |
| vocative | घर्षण (gharṣaṇa) | घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe) | घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni) |
Descendants
- → Hindi: घर्षण (gharṣaṇ)
- → Marathi: घर्षण (gharṣaṇ)
- → Malayalam: ഘർഷണം (ghaṟṣaṇaṁ)
- → Telugu: ఘర్షణ (gharṣaṇa)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “घर्षण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 379.