चरु

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćarúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čarúš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷerús (“pot, cauldron”). Cognate with Old English hwer, Old Norse hverr, Old Irish coire (“kettle, cauldron”), Middle Welsh peir, Russian ча́ра (čára).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ.ɾú/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ.ɾu/

Noun

चरु • (carú) stem, m

pot
saucepan

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of चरु
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चरुः (carúḥ)	चरू (carū́)	चरवः (carávaḥ)
accusative	चरुम् (carúm)	चरू (carū́)	चरून् (carū́n)
instrumental	चरुणा (carúṇā) चर्वा¹ (carvā́¹)	चरुभ्याम् (carúbhyām)	चरुभिः (carúbhiḥ)
dative	चरवे (caráve) चर्वे¹ (carvé¹)	चरुभ्याम् (carúbhyām)	चरुभ्यः (carúbhyaḥ)
ablative	चरोः (caróḥ) चर्वः¹ (carváḥ¹)	चरुभ्याम् (carúbhyām)	चरुभ्यः (carúbhyaḥ)
genitive	चरोः (caróḥ) चर्वः¹ (carváḥ¹)	चर्वोः (carvóḥ)	चरूणाम् (carūṇā́m)
locative	चरौ (caraú)	चर्वोः (carvóḥ)	चरुषु (carúṣu)
vocative	चरो (cáro)	चरू (cárū)	चरवः (cáravaḥ)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀭𑀼 (caru)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: carū, caruā, caruī
      - Hindi: चरू, चरुआ, चरुई
      - Urdu: چَرُو (carū), چَرُءَا, چَرُءِی (caru'ī)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: চৰু (soru), চৰিয়া (soria)
    - Bihari: चरुआ (caruā), चरुई (caruī)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Lahnda: چروی (carvī)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: carū
        Arabic script: چَرُو
        
        Devanagari script: चरू
        
        Kachchi: ચરૂઓ (carūo)
- Southern:
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: चर्वी (ċarvī)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gujarati: ચરુ (caru), ચર્વી (carvī), ચરુડી (caruḍī)
→ Malayalam: ചരുവം (caruvaṁ)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “caru”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 254