द्यूत

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyuH- (to endeavour). Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬛𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬍 (ādīuuiieiṇtī, to endeavour), Ossetian ӕндеун (ændewn), ӕндиуын (ændiwyn, to dare). Also compare दीव् (dī́v, gambling, game of dice).

Pronunciation

Noun

द्यूत • (dyūtá) stemn

  1. gambling, game of dice
    • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 12.3.46:
      सत्याय च तपसे देवताभ्यो निधिं शेवधिं परि दद्म एतम् ।
      मा नो द्यूतेऽव गान् मा समित्यां मा स्मान्यस्मा उत्सृजता पुरा मत्॥
      satyāya ca tapase devatābhyo nidhiṃ śevadhiṃ pari dadma etam.
      mā no dyūteʼva gān mā samityāṃ mā smānyasmā utsṛjatā purā mat.
      To Deities, to Truth, to holy Fervour this treasure we consign, this rich deposit,
      At the game of dice, in meeting led it not desert us, never give out to anyone besides me.
    • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
    • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti
  2. play, gaming
  3. contest; battle or fight for

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of द्यूत
singular dual plural
nominative द्यूतम् (dyūtám) द्यूते (dyūté) द्यूतानि (dyūtā́ni)
द्यूता¹ (dyūtā́¹)
accusative द्यूतम् (dyūtám) द्यूते (dyūté) द्यूतानि (dyūtā́ni)
द्यूता¹ (dyūtā́¹)
instrumental द्यूतेन (dyūténa) द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) द्यूतैः (dyūtaíḥ)
द्यूतेभिः¹ (dyūtébhiḥ¹)
dative द्यूताय (dyūtā́ya) द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) द्यूतेभ्यः (dyūtébhyaḥ)
ablative द्यूतात् (dyūtā́t) द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) द्यूतेभ्यः (dyūtébhyaḥ)
genitive द्यूतस्य (dyūtásya) द्यूतयोः (dyūtáyoḥ) द्यूतानाम् (dyūtā́nām)
locative द्यूते (dyūté) द्यूतयोः (dyūtáyoḥ) द्यूतेषु (dyūtéṣu)
vocative द्यूत (dyū́ta) द्यूते (dyū́te) द्यूतानि (dyū́tāni)
द्यूता¹ (dyū́tā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀚𑀽𑀅 (*jūa)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀽𑀯 (jūva)
  • Pali: jūta
  • Paisaci Prakrit: (jūa?)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀽𑀤 (jūda), 𑀚𑀽𑀅 (jūa)