प्रत्यय
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रत्यय (pratyaya).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /pɾət̪.jəj/, [pɾɐt̪.jɐj]
Noun
प्रत्यय • (pratyay) m
- credentials, proof
- (grammar) suffix
- Antonym: उपसर्ग (upsarg)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | प्रत्यय pratyay |
प्रत्यय pratyay |
| oblique | प्रत्यय pratyay |
प्रत्ययों pratyayõ |
| vocative | प्रत्यय pratyay |
प्रत्ययो pratyayo |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- প্ৰত্যয় (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬢ᭄ᬬᬬ (Balinese script)
- প্রত্যয় (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰝𑰿𑰧𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- ပြတျယ (Burmese script)
- પ્રત્યય (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਤ੍ਯਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌤𑍍𑌯𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦠꦾꦪ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂞𑂹𑂨𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರತ್ಯಯ (Kannada script)
- ប្រត្យយ (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣຕ຺ຍຍ (Lao script)
- പ്രത്യയ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᠠᢠᠶᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘝𑘿𑘧𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢐᠶ᠋ᠠᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑦽𑧠𑧇𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରତ୍ଯଯ (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢡ꣄ꢫꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆠𑇀𑆪𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖝𑖿𑖧𑖧 (Siddham script)
- ප්රත්යය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩫 𑪙𑩻𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚙𑚶𑚣𑚣 (Takri script)
- ப்ரத்யய (Tamil script)
- ప్రత్యయ (Telugu script)
- ปฺรตฺยย (Thai script)
- པྲ་ཏྱ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨙𑩇𑨪𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
प्रति- (prati-, “towards”) + अय (aya, “going”), the latter component from इ (i, “to go”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɾɐt.jɐ.jɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɾɐt̪.jɐ.jɐ/
Noun
प्रत्यय • (pratyaya) stem, m
- belief, firm conviction, trust, faith, assurance or certainty of
- proof, ascertainment
- conception, assumption, notion, idea
- (Buddhism, Jainism) fundamental notion or idea
- consciousness, understanding, intelligence, intellect
- analysis, solution, explanation, definition
- ground, basis, motive or cause of anything
- (Buddhism) a co-operating cause
- the concurrent occasion of an event as distinguished from its approximate cause
- an ordeal
- want, need
- fame, notoriety
- a subsequent sound or letter
- an affix or suffix to roots (forming verbs, substantives, adjectives and all derivatives)
- an oath
- usage, custom
- religious meditation
- a dependent or subject
- a householder who keeps a sacred fire
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्रत्ययः (pratyayaḥ) | प्रत्ययौ (pratyayau) प्रत्यया¹ (pratyayā¹) |
प्रत्ययाः (pratyayāḥ) प्रत्ययासः¹ (pratyayāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | प्रत्ययम् (pratyayam) | प्रत्ययौ (pratyayau) प्रत्यया¹ (pratyayā¹) |
प्रत्ययान् (pratyayān) |
| instrumental | प्रत्ययेन (pratyayena) | प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (pratyayābhyām) | प्रत्ययैः (pratyayaiḥ) प्रत्ययेभिः¹ (pratyayebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्रत्ययाय (pratyayāya) | प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (pratyayābhyām) | प्रत्ययेभ्यः (pratyayebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्रत्ययात् (pratyayāt) | प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (pratyayābhyām) | प्रत्ययेभ्यः (pratyayebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्रत्ययस्य (pratyayasya) | प्रत्यययोः (pratyayayoḥ) | प्रत्ययानाम् (pratyayānām) |
| locative | प्रत्यये (pratyaye) | प्रत्यययोः (pratyayayoḥ) | प्रत्ययेषु (pratyayeṣu) |
| vocative | प्रत्यय (pratyaya) | प्रत्ययौ (pratyayau) प्रत्यया¹ (pratyayā¹) |
प्रत्ययाः (pratyayāḥ) प्रत्ययासः¹ (pratyayāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “प्रत्यय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 673/3.
Further reading
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “pratyaya”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.