शङ्ख
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- শঙ্খ (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬗ᭄ᬔ (Balinese script)
- শঙ্খ (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰒𑰿𑰏 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀗𑁆𑀔 (Brahmi script)
- ၐင်္ခ (Burmese script)
- શઙ્ખ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਙ੍ਖ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌙𑍍𑌖 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦔ꧀ꦑ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂑𑂹𑂎 (Kaithi script)
- ಶಙ್ಖ (Kannada script)
- ឝង្ខ (Khmer script)
- ຨງ຺ຂ (Lao script)
- ശങ്ഖ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠᢛᡘᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘒𑘿𑘏 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᢊᠻᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑦲𑧠𑦯 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐒𑑂𑐏 (Newa script)
- ଶଙ୍ଖ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢖ꣄ꢓ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆕𑇀𑆒 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖒𑖿𑖏 (Siddham script)
- ශඞ්ඛ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩠 𑪙𑩝 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚎𑚶𑚋 (Takri script)
- ஶங்க² (Tamil script)
- శఙ్ఖ (Telugu script)
- ศงฺข (Thai script)
- ཤ་ངྑ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒓𑓂𑒐 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨏𑩇𑨌 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóngʰ-os with unexplained devoicing of the velar stop; doubtfully connected to Ancient Greek κόγχος (kónkhos).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕɐŋ.kʰɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕɐŋ.kʰɐ/
Noun
शङ्ख • (śaṅkhá) stem, m or n
- a shell, (especially) the conch-shell (used for making libations of water or as an ornament for the arms or for the temples of an elephant ; a conch-shell perforated at one end is also used as a wind instrument or horn; in the battles of epic poetry, each hero being represented as provided with a conch-shell which serves as his horn or trumpet and often has a name)
- a particularly high number (said to equal hundred of billions)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शङ्खः (śaṅkháḥ) | शङ्खौ (śaṅkhaú) शङ्खा¹ (śaṅkhā́¹) |
शङ्खाः (śaṅkhā́ḥ) शङ्खासः¹ (śaṅkhā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | शङ्खम् (śaṅkhám) | शङ्खौ (śaṅkhaú) शङ्खा¹ (śaṅkhā́¹) |
शङ्खान् (śaṅkhā́n) |
| instrumental | शङ्खेन (śaṅkhéna) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खैः (śaṅkhaíḥ) शङ्खेभिः¹ (śaṅkhébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शङ्खाय (śaṅkhā́ya) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खेभ्यः (śaṅkhébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शङ्खात् (śaṅkhā́t) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खेभ्यः (śaṅkhébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhásya) | शङ्खयोः (śaṅkháyoḥ) | शङ्खानाम् (śaṅkhā́nām) |
| locative | शङ्खे (śaṅkhé) | शङ्खयोः (śaṅkháyoḥ) | शङ्खेषु (śaṅkhéṣu) |
| vocative | शङ्ख (śáṅkha) | शङ्खौ (śáṅkhau) शङ्खा¹ (śáṅkhā¹) |
शङ्खाः (śáṅkhāḥ) शङ्खासः¹ (śáṅkhāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शङ्खम् (śaṅkhám) | शङ्खे (śaṅkhé) | शङ्खानि (śaṅkhā́ni) शङ्खा¹ (śaṅkhā́¹) |
| accusative | शङ्खम् (śaṅkhám) | शङ्खे (śaṅkhé) | शङ्खानि (śaṅkhā́ni) शङ्खा¹ (śaṅkhā́¹) |
| instrumental | शङ्खेन (śaṅkhéna) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खैः (śaṅkhaíḥ) शङ्खेभिः¹ (śaṅkhébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शङ्खाय (śaṅkhā́ya) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खेभ्यः (śaṅkhébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शङ्खात् (śaṅkhā́t) | शङ्खाभ्याम् (śaṅkhā́bhyām) | शङ्खेभ्यः (śaṅkhébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhásya) | शङ्खयोः (śaṅkháyoḥ) | शङ्खानाम् (śaṅkhā́nām) |
| locative | शङ्खे (śaṅkhé) | शङ्खयोः (śaṅkháyoḥ) | शङ्खेषु (śaṅkhéṣu) |
| vocative | शङ्ख (śáṅkha) | शङ्खे (śáṅkhe) | शङ्खानि (śáṅkhāni) शङ्खा¹ (śáṅkhā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- शङ्खक (śaṅkhaka)
- शङ्खपाणि (śaṅkhapāṇi)
Descendants
- Pali: saṅkha
- Prakrit: 𑀲𑀗𑁆𑀔 (saṅkha)
- Central:
- Hindustani: saṅkh
- Hindi: शंख
- Urdu: سَنکھ
- Hindustani: saṅkh
- Eastern:
- Northern:
- Kumaoni: साँख (sā̃kh), साँक (sā̃k)
- Northwestern:
- Southern:
- Central:
Borrowed terms
- → Kannada: ಶಂಖ (śaṅkha)
- → Malayalam: ചങ്ക് (caṅkŭ), ശംഖ് (śaṅkhŭ), ശംഖം (śaṅkhaṁ)
- → Tamil: சங்கு (caṅku)
- → Telugu: శంఖము (śaṅkhamu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “शङ्ख”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1047.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śaṅkha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press