ष्ठीव्

From Proto-Indo-European *sp(t)yewH- (“to spit, spew”) (with metathesis of *-iwH- to *-iHw-, thus reflecting a pre-form *sp(t)iHw-), compare *(s)ptyēw-. Cognate with Old Armenian թուք (tʻukʻ), Persian تف (tof, “spittle”), Ancient Greek πτύω (ptúō, “I spit out”), Latin spuo (whence English sputum), Old Church Slavonic пльвати (plĭvati), Russian плевать (plevatʹ), Old English spīwan (whence English spew).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʂʈʰiːʋ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʂʈʰiːʋ/

ष्ठीव् • (ṣṭhīv)

1. to spit, expectorate

• Monier Williams (1899) “ष्ठीव्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1111.
• William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 181

• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “ष्ठीव्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 189
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 582
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1000”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1000