स्थाघ
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- स्ताघ (stāgha)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *stegʰ-?
Sanskrit स्थाघ (sthāgha)
- Burrow relates it to Ancient Greek στόχος (stókhos, “target”), semantically justifying it by the analogy that a ford is a place where feet strike, similar to how a target is where a missile strikes.[3] If true, this indicates inheritance from Proto-Indo-European *stógʰ-os, from *stegʰ- (“bar, pillar, rod”).
- Monier-Williams mentions that it is said to be from स्था (sthā, “to stand”, root), but the suffix would be unclear so this is unlikely.
Compare स्थघणा (sthaghaṇā, “the earth”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /s̪t̪ʰɑː.ɡʱɐ/
Noun
स्थाघ • (sthāgha) stem, m [4][5]
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | स्थाघः (sthāghaḥ) | स्थाघौ (sthāghau) | स्थाघाः (sthāghāḥ) |
| accusative | स्थाघम् (sthāgham) | स्थाघौ (sthāghau) | स्थाघान् (sthāghān) |
| instrumental | स्थाघेन (sthāghena) | स्थाघाभ्याम् (sthāghābhyām) | स्थाघैः (sthāghaiḥ) |
| dative | स्थाघाय (sthāghāya) | स्थाघाभ्याम् (sthāghābhyām) | स्थाघेभ्यः (sthāghebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | स्थाघात् (sthāghāt) | स्थाघाभ्याम् (sthāghābhyām) | स्थाघेभ्यः (sthāghebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | स्थाघस्य (sthāghasya) | स्थाघयोः (sthāghayoḥ) | स्थाघानाम् (sthāghānām) |
| locative | स्थाघे (sthāghe) | स्थाघयोः (sthāghayoḥ) | स्थाघेषु (sthāgheṣu) |
| vocative | स्थाघ (sthāgha) | स्थाघौ (sthāghau) | स्थाघाः (sthāghāḥ) |
Derived terms
- अस्थाघ (asthāgha)
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri:
- Devanagari script: थाह् (thāh, “plunging into water”)
- Kashmiri:
- Prakrit: 𑀣𑀸𑀖 (thāgha), 𑀣𑀸𑀳 (thāha), >? 𑀣𑀳 (thaha) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) “sthāghaḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 527
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “sthāgha-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 525
- ^ Burrow, T[homas] (1975) “A New Look at Brugmann's Law”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London[3], volume 38, number 1, page 76 of 55–80
- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “स्थाघ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1265.
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sthāgha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 793