Bengali
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora). Compare Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür), Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora), Hindustani کٹھور / कठोर (kaṭhor). Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin).
Pronunciation
- (Rarh) IPA(key): /kɔt̪ʰoɾ/, [ˈkɔt̪ʰoɾ]
- (Dhaka) IPA(key): /kɔt̪ʰoɹ/, [ˈkɔt̪ʰoɹ]
Adjective
কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)
- firm, stiff
- Synonyms: কঠিন (koṭhin), শক্ত (śokto)
- harsh, stern, severe, strict
- Synonyms: কঠিন (koṭhin), উগ্র (ugro), অত্যুগ্র (ottugro), কটকটে (koṭkoṭe)
- unflinching
- cruel, heartless
- Synonyms: কঠিন (koṭhin), হৃদয়হীন (hridẏohin), অকরুণ (okrun), অরবু (orbu)
Derived terms
References
- Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “কঠোর”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
- Accessible Dictionary, Bengali-English, কঠোর, Government of Bangladesh