গণ

Assamese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡɔn/

Noun

গণ • (gon)

  1. a multitude
  2. Shiva's attendants

Declension

Declension of গণ
nominative গণ / গণে (gon / gone)
accusative গণ / গণক (gon / gonok)
dative গণলৈ (gonoloi)
terminative গণলৈকে (gonoloike)
instrumental গণে / গণেৰে (gone / gonere)
genitive গণৰ (gonor)
locative গণত (gonot)

Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural.
Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc.
Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive.
Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise.
Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi).
Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi).
Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too.
Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common.
Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese.
Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week.

References

  • গণ”, in Candrakānta abhidhāna: Asamīyā śabdara butpatti āru udāharaṇere Asamīyā-Ingrājī dui bhashara artha thakā abhidhāna [Comprehensive dictionary of the Assamese language with etymology and illustrations of words with their meanings in Assamese and English], 2nd edition, Guwahati: Gauhati University, 1962, →OCLC.

Bengali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa).

Pronunciation

Noun

গণ • (gon)

  1. collection, multitude
  2. number more than one
  3. community
  4. class
  5. group
  6. genus
  7. species
  8. the common people
  9. the masses
  10. the attendants of Shiva
  11. a clan, race, family
  12. a classification of persons according to the stars predominant at their birth
  13. (grammar) a classification of verbs

Inflection

indefinite forms
nominative গণ (gaṇa)
objective গণ / গণকে (gaṇa (semantically general or indefinite) / gaṇake (semantically definite))
genitive গণর (gaṇar)
locative গণতে / গণয় (gaṇate / gaṇaẏ)
definite forms
singular plural
nominative গণটি , গণটা (gaṇaṭi, gaṇaṭa) গণগুলি, গণগুলা, গণগুলো (gaṇaguli, gaṇagula, gaṇagulō)
objective গণটি, গণটা (gaṇaṭi, gaṇaṭa) গণগুলি, গণগুলা, গণগুলো (gaṇaguli, gaṇagula, gaṇagulō)
genitive গণটির, গণটার (gaṇaṭir, gaṇaṭar) গণগুলির, গণগুলার, গণগুলোর (gaṇagulir, gaṇagular, gaṇagulōr)
locative গণটিতে, গণটাতে, গণটায় (gaṇaṭite, gaṇaṭate, gaṇaṭaẏ) গণগুলিতে, গণগুলাতে, গণগুলায়, গণগুলোতে (gaṇagulite, gaṇagulate, gaṇagulaẏ, gaṇagulōte)
Objective Note: In some dialects, -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke).

Derived terms

References

  • Biswas, Sailendra (2000) “গণ”, in Samsad Bengali-English dictionary, 3rd edition, Calcutta: Sahitya Samsad, →OCLC.