ਬੇਸੁਮਾਰੁ

See also: ਬੇਸ਼ੁਮਾਰ

Old Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بی‌شمار (bē-šumār). By surface analysis, ਬੇ- (be-) +‎ ਸੁਮਾਰੁ (sumāru).

Adjective

ਬੇਸੁਮਾਰੁ (besumāru)

  1. innumerable, incalculable, infinite, inestimable, not to be reckoned (of God)
    • 1604, Guru Arjan, Ādi Granth ang 889:
      ਨਿਹਚਲ ਆਸਨੁ ਬੇਸੁਮਾਰੁ॥
      nihacala āsanu besumāru.
      • 1972 translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa
        They obtain a permanent seat in the infinite.

Descendants

  • Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਬੇਸ਼ੁਮਾਰ (beśumār)
    Shahmukhi script: بے شُمار (be śumār)

References

  • Christopher Shackle (2011) “ਬੇਸੁਮਾਰੁ”, in A Gurū Nānak Glossary, 2nd edition, New Delhi: Heritage Publishers, →ISBN, page 309
  • “ਬੇਸੁਮਾਰੁ”, in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Dictionary, SriGranth.org, 2025
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