ธรรม

Thai

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Sanskrit धर्म (dharma, “that which upholds or supports”). Compare Pali dhamma, from which Thai ธัมมะ and its alternative forms are derived. Cognate with Old Khmer dharma, dhārmma, dharmma; Modern Khmer ធម៌ (thɔə), ធម្ម (thŏəm).

Pronunciation

Orthographicธรรม
dʰ r r m
Phonemic
{Reduplication}
ทำ
d å
[bound form]
ทำ-มะ-
d å – m a –
RomanizationPaiboontamtam-má-
Royal Institutethamtham-ma-
(standard) IPA(key)/tʰam˧/(R)/tʰam˧.ma˦˥./
Homophonesทำ

Noun

ธรรม

  1. moral virtue; moral excellence; morality.
  2. fairness; righteousness; justness; justice.
  3. (Indian religions, as Buddhism, Hinduism, etc) (พระ~) dharma.
  4. (religion) (พระ~) teaching; instruction; doctrine; principle.
  5. (religion) (พระ~) precept; code of conduct.
  6. rule; regulation.
  7. (obsolete, now chiefly figurative) law; statute.
  8. nature; condition; state.
  9. thing; matter; article; object; substance.
  10. (Buddhism in Thailand) a noble rank of a priest, above the rank of เทพ (têep) and below those given silver cards of rank called หิรัญบัฏ.

Derived terms

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