დიჭინ
Laz
Alternative forms
Etymology
From დო- (do-) + ი- (i-) + ჭირ- (ç̌ir-) + -ნ (-n). Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *č̣ir- (“to need; to suffer a misfortune”). Cognate with Svan ლიჭკჷრე (lič̣ḳəre).
Verb
დიჭინ • (diç̌in) (Latin spelling diç̌in) (Vizha)
- to be necessary
- Synonym: დიჭირს (diç̌irs)
- ალიში ბერე ნოღაშა იდასი ბაბა-მუში ნა-ვარ-დიჭინ ა მუთი ეჲოჭოფინაფაჲ.
- alişi bere noğaşa idasi baba-muşi na-var-diç̌in a muti eyoç̌opinapay.
- When Ali's son goes to town, he makes his father buy something unnecessary (that is not neccesary).
Usage notes
- As its subject is inanimate, this verb has only 3rd person forms. It is one of rare exceptions among stative verbs : it has both perfective and imperfective optative moods.
- Basic forms of imperfective optative mood (first one in the declension table second one is perfective optative mood) are not observed in real conversations : they are deduced from prohibito-optative mood forms, future tense forms etc.
- Two forms of future tense are not synonymous. Imperfective future tense means : « it is possible that it will be necessary », while the perfective future tense means : « it is sure that it will be necessary ».
Conjugation
Conjugation of დიჭინ (diç̌in) (see also Appendix:Laz verbs)
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| tenses / screeves | მა (ma) | სი (si) | ჰე (he) | ჩქუ (çku) | თქვა (tkva) | ჰენთეფე (hentepe) | |
| present | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭინ (diç̌in) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირან (diç̌iran) | |
| past | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტუ (diç̌irťu) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტეჲ (diç̌irťey) | |
| optative mood | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტაჲ ~ დიჭირაჲ (diç̌irťay ~ diç̌iray) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტან ~ დიჭირან (diç̌irťan ~ diç̌iran) | |
| auditive | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტუ დორენ (diç̌irťu doren) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტეჲ დორენ (diç̌irťey doren) | |
| votive mood | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტუკო (diç̌irťuǩo) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტესკო (diç̌irťesǩo) | |
| future | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტასენ ~ დიჭირასენ (diç̌irťasen ~ diç̌irasen) | [Term?] | [Term?] | დიჭირტანენ ~ დიჭირანენ (diç̌irťanen ~ diç̌iranen) | |
| prohibitivo-optative | [Term?] | [Term?] | მოთ დიჭირტაჲ (mot diç̌irťay) | [Term?] | [Term?] | მოთ დიჭირტან (mot diç̌irťan) | |
Further reading
- Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “diç’in (ÇM), diç’ç’in (AŞ-Ok’ordule), diç’ç’in/ diç’ç’iren (AŞ-Ortaalan)”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı[1] (in Turkish)