ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ

Proto-Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.

Noun

ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ) m

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. earl, jarl, nobleman
    2. magician
    3. runemaster
    4. member of the Heruli tribe
    • 5th century, Järsberg Runestone:
      ᛖᚲᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉᚱᚢᚾᛟᛉᚹᚨᚱᛁᛏᚢ
      ekerilaʀrunoʀwaritu
      /ek erilaʀ rūnōʀ wᵃrītu/
      I, the erilaz, write runes

Usage notes

  • In the Proto-Norse corpus this word usually appears in connection with Rune-carving.

Descendants

  • Old Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl) — Old East Norse
    • Icelandic: jarl
    • Faroese: jallur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: jarl
    • Old Swedish: iarl, iærl
      • Swedish: järl
    • Old Danish: ierl
    • → Danish: jarl (reborrowed)
      • Norwegian Bokmål: jarl
    • → English: jarl
    • → Finnish: jaarli
    • → Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)
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