ḫpj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /xɛpi/
- Conventional anglicization: khepi

Verb

3ae inf.

(intransitive) to travel, to walk
(intransitive, euphemistic) to die, to pass away
- c. 2015 B.C.E., Meru, Stela of Meru (Turin 1447), textfield lines 2-4:
  
  j ꜥnḫw tp(j)w tꜣ
  wnnt(j).s⟨n⟩ m šmsw n(j) ḫnt(j)-jmntjw n(j) wp-wꜣwt mrrw ꜥnḫ msḏḏw ḫpt
  wꜥbw nw nṯr-ꜥꜣ ḥmw-nṯr nbw nw ꜣbḏw
  O living ones who are on the earth,
  who will be in the retinue of Khentamentiu and Wepwawet, who love life and hate dying,
  cleaner-priests of the elder god and all priests of Abydos!

Inflection

Conjugation of ḫpj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḫp, geminated stem: ḫpp

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḫpt, ḫpj	ḫpw, ḫp	ḫpt, ḫpwt, ḫpyt	ḫp	ḫp, ḫpy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḫp⁸, ḫpp⁸	ḥr ḫpt, ḥr ḫpj	m ḫpt, m ḫpj	r ḫpt, r ḫpj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḫp.n	consecutive	ḫp.jn
terminative	ḫpt, ḫpyt	consecutive	ḫp.jn
perfective³	ḫp	obligative¹	ḫp.ḫr
imperfective	ḫp, ḫpy	obligative¹	ḫp.ḫr
prospective³	ḫpw, ḫp, ḫpy	potentialis¹	ḫp.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḫp, ḫpy	potentialis¹	ḫp.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	ḫp.n	—	—
perfective	ḫpw¹, ḫpy, ḫp	ḫp	ḫpy, ḫp
imperfective	ḫpp, ḫppy, ḫppw⁵	ḫpp, ḫppj⁶, ḫppy⁶	ḫpp, ḫppw⁵
prospective	ḫpw¹, ḫpy, ḫp, ḫptj⁷	ḫpwtj^{1 4}, ḫptj⁴, ḫpt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.
⁸ Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḫpj

ḫpj

meaning ‘to die’

Derived terms

sḫpj

References

James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 158, 255.