ἀφρός

See also: αφρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Formally derived from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”), with cognates including Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá), Old Armenian ամբ (amb), Latin imber. However, Beekes and Frisk argue that the semantic mismatch does not justify this derivation. See also possibly related but also problematic ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.pʰrós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈpʰros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈɸros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈfros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈfros/

Noun

ᾰ̓φρός • (ăphrós) m (genitive ᾰ̓φροῦ); second declension

foam, of the sea
(of persons and animals) foam, slaver, froth

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ᾰ̓φρός; τοῦ ᾰ̓φροῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓φρός ho ăphrós	τὼ ᾰ̓φρώ tṑ ăphrṓ	οἱ ᾰ̓φροί hoi ăphroí
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓φροῦ toû ăphroû	τοῖν ᾰ̓φροῖν toîn ăphroîn	τῶν ᾰ̓φρῶν tôn ăphrôn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓φρῷ tōî ăphrōî	τοῖν ᾰ̓φροῖν toîn ăphroîn	τοῖς ᾰ̓φροῖς toîs ăphroîs
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓φρόν tòn ăphrón	τὼ ᾰ̓φρώ tṑ ăphrṓ	τοὺς ᾰ̓φρούς toùs ăphroús
Vocative	ᾰ̓φρέ ăphré	ᾰ̓φρώ ăphrṓ	ᾰ̓φροί ăphroí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: αφρός (afrós)

References

“ἀφρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἀφρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἀφρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀφρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἀφρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀφρός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
G876 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bubbling idem, page 102.
- effervescence idem, page 262.
- exhalation idem, page 291.
- foam idem, page 331.
- froth idem, page 347.
- scum idem, page 743.
- spray idem, page 805.
- surf idem, page 843.