Ἀρκάς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Named after Ἀρκάς (Arkás, “Arcas”), son of Zeus and king of Arcadia, from Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀏 (a-ka), 𐀀𐀏𐀆 (a-ka-de), from Proto-Hellenic *árktos (“bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos. Probably folk etymology, more likely Arcadia had an abundance of bears.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ar.kás/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /arˈkas/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /arˈkas/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /arˈkas/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /arˈkas/
Noun
Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς • (Ărkắs) m or f (genitive Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δος); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ, ἡ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς ho, hē Ărkắs |
τὼ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε tṑ Ărkắde |
οἱ, αἱ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δες hoi, hai Ărkắdes | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ, τῆς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δος toû, tês Ărkắdos |
τοῖν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δοιν toîn Ărkắdoin |
τῶν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δων tôn Ărkắdōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ, τῇ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δῐ tōî, tēî Ărkắdĭ |
τοῖν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δοιν toîn Ărkắdoin |
τοῖς, ταῖς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́σῐ / Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́σῐν toîs, taîs Ărkắsĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν, τὴν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δᾰ tòn, tḕn Ărkắdă |
τὼ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε tṑ Ărkắde |
τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δᾰς toùs, tā̀s Ărkắdăs | ||||||||||
| Vocative | Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς Ărkắs |
Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε Ărkắde |
Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δες Ărkắdes | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Ᾰ̓ρκᾰδῐ́ᾱ (Ărkădĭ́ā)
- Ᾰ̓ρκᾰδῐκός (Ărkădĭkós)
Descendants
- Latin: Arcas
- Greek: Αρκάς (Arkás), Αρκάδας m (Arkádas), Αρκάδα f (Arkáda), Αρκάδες pl (Arkádes)
References
- Blažek, Václav (2017): Indo-European Bear
Further reading
- “Ἀρκάς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Ἀρκάς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Ἀρκάς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- “Ἀρκάς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,002