ἐγκρατεύομαι
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ἐγκρατής (enkratḗs) + -εύομαι (-eúomai)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /eŋ.kra.těu̯.o.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eŋ.kraˈte.wo.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈte.βo.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈte.vo.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈte.vo.me/
Verb
ἐγκρᾰτεύομαι • (enkrăteúomai) (deponent)
- to exercise self-control, temperance, moderation
- 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, Eudemian Ethics 1223b:
- ἐγκρατεύεται δʼ ὅταν πράττῃ παρὰ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν κατὰ τὸν λογισμόν
- enkrateúetai d hótan práttēi parà tḕn epithumían katà tòn logismón
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- ἐγκρατεύεται δʼ ὅταν πράττῃ παρὰ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν κατὰ τὸν λογισμόν
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 43.30:
- καὶ νιψάμενος τὸ πρόσωπον ἐξελθὼν ἐνεκρατεύσατο καὶ εἶπε· παράθετε ἄρτους.
- kaì nipsámenos tò prósōpon exelthṑn enekrateúsato kaì eîpe; paráthete ártous.
- Translation by Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton
- And he washed his face and came out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.
- καὶ νιψάμενος τὸ πρόσωπον ἐξελθὼν ἐνεκρατεύσατο καὶ εἶπε· παράθετε ἄρτους.
- to force oneself to accomplish something
- to starve oneself
- to be a member of the Encratites
Conjugation
Present: ἐγκρᾰτεύομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐγκρᾰτεύομαι | ἐγκρᾰτεύῃ / ἐγκρᾰτεύει | ἐγκρᾰτεύεται | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθον | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθον | ἐγκρᾰτευόμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἐγκρᾰτεύωμαι | ἐγκρᾰτεύῃ | ἐγκρᾰτεύηται | ἐγκρᾰτεύησθον | ἐγκρᾰτεύησθον | ἐγκρᾰτευώμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύησθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύωνται | |||||
| optative | ἐγκρᾰτευοίμην | ἐγκρᾰτεύοιο | ἐγκρᾰτεύοιτο | ἐγκρᾰτεύοισθον | ἐγκρᾰτευοίσθην | ἐγκρᾰτευοίμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύοισθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἐγκρᾰτεύου | ἐγκρᾰτευέσθω | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθον | ἐγκρᾰτευέσθων | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθε | ἐγκρᾰτευέσθων | |||||||
| infinitive | ἐγκρᾰτεύεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐγκρᾰτευόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἐγκρᾰτευομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐγκρᾰτευόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἐνεκρᾰτευόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐνεκρᾰτευόμην | ἐνεκρᾰτεύου | ἐνεκρᾰτεύετο | ἐνεκρᾰτεύεσθον | ἐνεκρᾰτευέσθην | ἐνεκρᾰτευόμεθᾰ | ἐνεκρᾰτεύεσθε | ἐνεκρᾰτεύοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: ἐγκρᾰτεύσομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐγκρᾰτεύσομαι | ἐγκρᾰτεύσῃ / ἐγκρᾰτεύσει | ἐγκρᾰτεύσεται | ἐγκρᾰτεύσεσθον | ἐγκρᾰτεύσεσθον | ἐγκρᾰτευσόμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύσεσθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύσονται | ||||
| optative | ἐγκρᾰτευσοίμην | ἐγκρᾰτεύσοιο | ἐγκρᾰτεύσοιτο | ἐγκρᾰτεύσοισθον | ἐγκρᾰτευσοίσθην | ἐγκρᾰτευσοίμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύσοισθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύσοιντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἐγκρᾰτεύσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐγκρᾰτευσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἐγκρᾰτευσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐγκρᾰτευσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐνεκρᾰτευσᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐνεκρᾰτευσᾰ́μην | ἐνεκρᾰτεύσω | ἐνεκρᾰτεύσᾰτο | ἐνεκρᾰτεύσᾰσθον | ἐνεκρᾰτευσᾰ́σθην | ἐνεκρᾰτευσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐνεκρᾰτεύσᾰσθε | ἐνεκρᾰτεύσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ἐγκρᾰτεύσωμαι | ἐγκρᾰτεύσῃ | ἐγκρᾰτεύσηται | ἐγκρᾰτεύσησθον | ἐγκρᾰτεύσησθον | ἐγκρᾰτευσώμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύσησθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύσωνται | |||||
| optative | ἐγκρᾰτευσαίμην | ἐγκρᾰτεύσαιο | ἐγκρᾰτεύσαιτο | ἐγκρᾰτεύσαισθον | ἐγκρᾰτευσαίσθην | ἐγκρᾰτευσαίμεθᾰ | ἐγκρᾰτεύσαισθε | ἐγκρᾰτεύσαιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἐγκρᾰ́τευσαι | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰ́σθω | ἐγκρᾰτεύσᾰσθον | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰ́σθων | ἐγκρᾰτεύσᾰσθε | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἐγκρᾰτεύσᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐγκρᾰτευσᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Related terms
- ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰ (enkrắteiă)
References
- ἐγκρατεύομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐγκρατεύομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- ἐγκρατεύομαι, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “ἐγκρατεύομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- G1467 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible