ἐγκρατῶς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἐγκρατής (enkratḗs) +‎ -ως (-ōs).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eŋ.kra.tɔ̂ːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eŋ.kraˈtos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈtos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈtos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eŋ.ɡraˈtos/

Adjective

ἐγκρᾰτῶς • (enkrătôs)

with a strong hand, by force
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.76
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 3.13.9:
  ἐπεὶ γὰρ θᾶττον ἐγκρατῶς ἔσχον τὴν ἀρχήν, ἐταπείνωσαν αὐτοὺς παρὰ τὰς συνθήκας
  epeì gàr thâtton enkratôs éskhon tḕn arkhḗn, etapeínōsan autoùs parà tàs sunthḗkas
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
with self-control, temperately
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 710A

Further reading

ἐγκρατῶς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἐγκρατῶς, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- abstemiously idem, page 4.
- chastely idem, page 127.
- continently idem, page 168.
- soberly idem, page 790.
- temperately idem, page 860.
- vigorously idem, page 952.