ἐλαφρός
See also: ελαφρός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *eləpʰrós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ln̥gʷʰrós (“lightweight”). See also ἐλαχύς (elakhús).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.la.pʰrós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /e.laˈpʰros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /e.laˈɸros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /e.laˈfros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /e.laˈfros/
Adjective
ἐλαφρός • (elaphrós) m (feminine ἐλᾰφρᾱ́, neuter ἐλᾰφρόν); first/second declension
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | ἐλᾰφρός elăphrós |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ elăphrā́ |
ἐλᾰφρόν elăphrón |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ elăphrā́ |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφροί elăphroí |
ἐλᾰφραί elăphraí |
ἐλᾰφρᾰ́ elăphrắ | |||||
| Genitive | ἐλᾰφροῦ elăphroû |
ἐλᾰφρᾶς elăphrâs |
ἐλᾰφροῦ elăphroû |
ἐλᾰφροῖν elăphroîn |
ἐλᾰφραῖν elăphraîn |
ἐλᾰφροῖν elăphroîn |
ἐλᾰφρῶν elăphrôn |
ἐλᾰφρῶν elăphrôn |
ἐλᾰφρῶν elăphrôn | |||||
| Dative | ἐλᾰφρῷ elăphrōî |
ἐλᾰφρᾷ elăphrāî |
ἐλᾰφρῷ elăphrōî |
ἐλᾰφροῖν elăphroîn |
ἐλᾰφραῖν elăphraîn |
ἐλᾰφροῖν elăphroîn |
ἐλᾰφροῖς elăphroîs |
ἐλᾰφραῖς elăphraîs |
ἐλᾰφροῖς elăphroîs | |||||
| Accusative | ἐλᾰφρόν elăphrón |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ν elăphrā́n |
ἐλᾰφρόν elăphrón |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ elăphrā́ |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφρούς elăphroús |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ς elăphrā́s |
ἐλᾰφρᾰ́ elăphrắ | |||||
| Vocative | ἐλᾰφρέ elăphré |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ elăphrā́ |
ἐλᾰφρόν elăphrón |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφρᾱ́ elăphrā́ |
ἐλᾰφρώ elăphrṓ |
ἐλᾰφροί elăphroí |
ἐλᾰφραί elăphraí |
ἐλᾰφρᾰ́ elăphrắ | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ἐλᾰφρῶς elăphrôs |
ἐλᾰφρότερος elăphróteros |
ἐλᾰφρότᾰτος elăphrótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἐλαφρότης (elaphrótēs)
Descendants
- Greek: ελαφρός (elafrós)
- Pontic Greek: ελαφρός (elafrós), ’λαφρός (’lafrós) — Kerasounta, Kotyora, Oinoe, Trapezounta, Chaldia, ’λαφρύς (’lafrýs) — Kotyora, αλαφρός (alafrós) — Oinoe, Trapezounta
- → Laz: ლაჶრონი (lafroni), ელაჶრონი (elafroni) — Arkabi, Firtina Valley
- → Translingual: Elaphrus
Further reading
- “ἐλαφρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἐλαφρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐλαφρός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)