ἰάομαι

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain, but frequently compared to ἰαίνω (iaínō, “to warm”), with both often derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eysh₂- (“to strengthen, propel”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /iː.á.o.mai̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /iˈa.o.mɛ/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈa.o.mɛ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈa.o.me/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈa.o.me/

Verb

ῑ̓ᾰ́ομαι • (īắomai)

to cure, heal
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.134
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.Il..899
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.2
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.525
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 299a
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 1210
to repair
- 314 CE – 393 CE, Libanius, Declamations 27.3
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 933e
- 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 191d
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 1 Kings 18.32

Inflection

Present: ἰᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἰᾰ́ομαι	ἰᾰ́ῃ / ἰᾰ́ει	ἰᾰ́εται	ἰᾰ́εσθον	ἰᾰ́εσθον	ἰᾰόμεθᾰ	ἰᾰ́εσθε	ἰᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	ἰᾰ́ωμαι	ἰᾰ́ῃ	ἰᾰ́ηται	ἰᾰ́ησθον	ἰᾰ́ησθον	ἰᾰώμεθᾰ	ἰᾰ́ησθε	ἰᾰ́ωνται
	optative	ἰᾰοίμην	ἰᾰ́οιο	ἰᾰ́οιτο	ἰᾰ́οισθον	ἰᾰοίσθην	ἰᾰοίμεθᾰ	ἰᾰ́οισθε	ἰᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		ἰᾰ́ου	ἰᾰέσθω	ἰᾰ́εσθον	ἰᾰέσθων		ἰᾰ́εσθε	ἰᾰέσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						ἰᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m					ἰᾰόμενος
	f					ἰᾰομένη
	n					ἰᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ἰῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἰῶμαι	ἰᾷ	ἰᾶται	ἰᾶσθον	ἰᾶσθον	ἰώμεθᾰ	ἰᾶσθε	ἰῶνται
	subjunctive	ἰῶμαι	ἰᾷ	ἰᾶται	ἰᾶσθον	ἰᾶσθον	ἰώμεθᾰ	ἰᾶσθε	ἰῶνται
	optative	ἰῴμην	ἰῷο	ἰῷτο	ἰῷσθον	ἰῴσθην	ἰῴμεθᾰ	ἰῷσθε	ἰῷντο
	imperative		ἰῶ	ἰᾱ́σθω	ἰᾶσθον	ἰᾱ́σθων		ἰᾶσθε	ἰᾱ́σθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						ἰᾶσθαι
participle	m					ἰώμενος
	f					ἰωμένη
	n					ἰώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἰᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἰᾰόμην	ἰᾰ́ου	ἰᾰ́ετο	ἰᾰ́εσθον	ἰᾰέσθην	ἰᾰόμεθᾰ	ἰᾰ́εσθε	ἰᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἰώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἰώμην	ἰῶ	ἰᾶτο	ἰᾶσθον	ἰᾱ́σθην	ἰώμεθᾰ	ἰᾶσθε	ἰῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἰᾱ́σομαι, ἰᾱθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἰᾱ́σομαι	ἰᾱ́σῃ / ἰᾱ́σει	ἰᾱ́σεται	ἰᾱ́σεσθον	ἰᾱ́σεσθον	ἰᾱσόμεθᾰ	ἰᾱ́σεσθε	ἰᾱ́σονται
middle	optative	ἰᾱσοίμην	ἰᾱ́σοιο	ἰᾱ́σοιτο	ἰᾱ́σοισθον	ἰᾱσοίσθην	ἰᾱσοίμεθᾰ	ἰᾱ́σοισθε	ἰᾱ́σοιντο
passive	indicative	ἰᾱθήσομαι	ἰᾱθήσῃ	ἰᾱθήσεται	ἰᾱθήσεσθον	ἰᾱθήσεσθον	ἰᾱθησόμεθᾰ	ἰᾱθήσεσθε	ἰᾱθήσονται
passive	optative	ἰᾱθησοίμην	ἰᾱθήσοιο	ἰᾱθήσοιτο	ἰᾱθήσοισθον	ἰᾱθησοίσθην	ἰᾱθησοίμεθᾰ	ἰᾱθήσοισθε	ἰᾱθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					ἰᾱ́σεσθαι		ἰᾱθήσεσθαι
participle	m				ἰᾱσόμενος		ἰᾱθησόμενος
	f				ἰᾱσομένη		ἰᾱθησομένη
	n				ἰᾱσόμενον		ἰᾱθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἰήσομαι, ἰηθήσομαι (Epic, Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἰήσομαι	ἰήσῃ / ἰήσει	ἰήσεται	ἰήσεσθον	ἰήσεσθον	ἰησόμεθᾰ	ἰήσεσθε	ἰήσονται
middle	optative	ἰησοίμην	ἰήσοιο	ἰήσοιτο	ἰήσοισθον	ἰησοίσθην	ἰησοίμεθᾰ	ἰήσοισθε	ἰήσοιντο
passive	indicative	ἰηθήσομαι	ἰηθήσῃ	ἰηθήσεται	ἰηθήσεσθον	ἰηθήσεσθον	ἰηθησόμεθᾰ	ἰηθήσεσθε	ἰηθήσονται
passive	optative	ἰηθησοίμην	ἰηθήσοιο	ἰηθήσοιτο	ἰηθήσοισθον	ἰηθησοίσθην	ἰηθησοίμεθᾰ	ἰηθήσοισθε	ἰηθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					ἰήσεσθαι		ἰηθήσεσθαι
participle	m				ἰησόμενος		ἰηθησόμενος
	f				ἰησομένη		ἰηθησομένη
	n				ἰησόμενον		ἰηθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἰᾱσᾰ́μην, ἰᾱ́θην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἰᾱσᾰ́μην	ἰᾱ́σω	ἰᾱ́σᾰτο	ἰᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἰᾱσᾰ́σθην	ἰᾱσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἰᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἰᾱ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἰᾱ́σωμαι	ἰᾱ́σῃ	ἰᾱ́σηται	ἰᾱ́σησθον	ἰᾱ́σησθον	ἰᾱσώμεθᾰ	ἰᾱ́σησθε	ἰᾱ́σωνται
	optative	ἰᾱσαίμην	ἰᾱ́σαιο	ἰᾱ́σαιτο	ἰᾱ́σαισθον	ἰᾱσαίσθην	ἰᾱσαίμεθᾰ	ἰᾱ́σαισθε	ἰᾱ́σαιντο
	imperative		ἴᾱσαι	ἰᾱσᾰ́σθω	ἰᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἰᾱσᾰ́σθων		ἰᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἰᾱσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἰᾱ́θην	ἰᾱ́θης	ἰᾱ́θη	ἰᾱ́θητον	ἰᾱθήτην	ἰᾱ́θημεν	ἰᾱ́θητε	ἰᾱ́θησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἰᾱθῶ	ἰᾱθῇς	ἰᾱθῇ	ἰᾱθῆτον	ἰᾱθῆτον	ἰᾱθῶμεν	ἰᾱθῆτε	ἰᾱθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἰᾱθείην	ἰᾱθείης	ἰᾱθείη	ἰᾱθεῖτον / ἰᾱθείητον	ἰᾱθείτην / ἰᾱθειήτην	ἰᾱθεῖμεν / ἰᾱθείημεν	ἰᾱθεῖτε / ἰᾱθείητε	ἰᾱθεῖεν / ἰᾱθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἰᾱ́θητῐ	ἰᾱθήτω	ἰᾱ́θητον	ἰᾱθήτων		ἰᾱ́θητε	ἰᾱθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					ἰᾱ́σᾰσθαι		ἰᾱθῆναι
participle	m				ἰᾱσᾰ́μενος		ἰᾱθείς
	f				ἰᾱσᾰμένη		ἰᾱθεῖσᾰ
	n				ἰᾱσᾰ́μενον		ἰᾱθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἰησᾰ́μην, ἰήθην (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἰησᾰ́μην	ἰήσω	ἰήσᾰτο	ἰήσᾰσθον	ἰησᾰ́σθην	ἰησᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἰήσᾰσθε	ἰήσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἰήσωμαι	ἰήσηαι	ἰήσηται	ἰήσησθον	ἰήσησθον	ἰησώμεθᾰ	ἰήσησθε	ἰήσωνται
	optative	ἰησαίμην	ἰήσαιο	ἰήσαιτο	ἰήσαισθον	ἰησαίσθην	ἰησαίμεθᾰ	ἰήσαισθε	ἰησαίᾰτο
	imperative		ἴησαι	ἰησᾰ́σθω	ἰήσᾰσθον	ἰησᾰ́σθων		ἰήσᾰσθε	ἰησᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἰήθην	ἰήθης	ἰήθη	ἰήθητον	ἰηθήτην	ἰήθημεν	ἰήθητε	ἰήθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἰηθῶ	ἰηθῇς	ἰηθῇ	ἰηθῆτον	ἰηθῆτον	ἰηθῶμεν	ἰηθῆτε	ἰηθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἰηθείην	ἰηθείης	ἰηθείη	ἰηθεῖτον / ἰηθείητον	ἰηθείτην / ἰηθειήτην	ἰηθεῖμεν / ἰηθείημεν	ἰηθεῖτε / ἰηθείητε	ἰήθειεν / ἰηθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἰήθητῐ	ἰηθήτω	ἰήθητον	ἰηθήτων		ἰήθητε	ἰηθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					ἰήσᾰσθαι		ἰηθῆναι
participle	m				ἰησᾰ́μενος		ἰηθείς
	f				ἰησᾰμένη		ἰηθεῖσᾰ
	n				ἰησᾰ́μενον		ἰηθέν
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ἴᾱμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἴᾱμαι	ἴᾱσαι	ἴᾱται	ἴᾱσθον	ἴᾱσθον	ἰᾱ́μεθᾰ	ἴᾱσθε	ἴᾱνται
	subjunctive	ἰᾱμένος ὦ	ἰᾱμένος ᾖς	ἰᾱμένος ᾖ	ἰᾱμένω ἦτον	ἰᾱμένω ἦτον	ἰᾱμένοι ὦμεν	ἰᾱμένοι ἦτε	ἰᾱμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἰᾱμένος εἴην	ἰᾱμένος εἴης	ἰᾱμένος εἴη	ἰᾱμένω εἴητον / εἶτον	ἰᾱμένω εἰήτην / εἴτην	ἰᾱμένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν	ἰᾱμένοι εἴητε / εἶτε	ἰᾱμένοι εἴησᾰν / εἶεν
	imperative		ἴᾱσο	ἰᾱ́σθω	ἴᾱσθον	ἰᾱ́σθων		ἴᾱσθε	ἰᾱ́σθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						ἰᾶσθαι
participle	m					ἰᾱμένος
	f					ἰᾱμένη
	n					ἰᾱμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

ἀνιάομαι (aniáomai)
ἐξιάομαι (exiáomai)
ἐπιάομαι (epiáomai)
Ἰάσων (Iásōn)

Related terms

ἀνίατος (aníatos)
ἰαίνω (iaínō)
ἴαμα (íama)
ἰάσιμος (iásimos)
ἴασις (íasis)
Ἰασώ (Iasṓ)
ἰάτειρα (iáteira)
ἰατέον (iatéon)
ἰατήρ (iatḗr)
ἰατήριον (iatḗrion)
ἰατής (iatḗs)
ἰατικός (iatikós)
ἰατορία (iatoría)
ἰατός (iatós)
ἰᾱτρός (iātrós)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἰάομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 573