ὀξύνω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ὀξύς (oxús) + -ύνω (-únō).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ok.sy̌ː.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /okˈsy.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /okˈsy.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /okˈsy.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /okˈsi.no/
Verb
ὀξῡ́νω • (oxū́nō)
- to sharpen
- to provoke
- to acidify
- (Byzantine) to put the acute accent on
Inflection
Present: ὀξῡ́νω, ὀξῡ́νομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀξῡ́νω | ὀξῡ́νεις | ὀξῡ́νει | ὀξῡ́νετον | ὀξῡ́νετον | ὀξῡ́νομεν | ὀξῡ́νετε | ὀξῡ́νουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀξῡ́νω | ὀξῡ́νῃς | ὀξῡ́νῃ | ὀξῡ́νητον | ὀξῡ́νητον | ὀξῡ́νωμεν | ὀξῡ́νητε | ὀξῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀξῡ́νοιμῐ | ὀξῡ́νοις | ὀξῡ́νοι | ὀξῡ́νοιτον | ὀξῡνοίτην | ὀξῡ́νοιμεν | ὀξῡ́νοιτε | ὀξῡ́νοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὄξῡνε | ὀξῡνέτω | ὀξῡ́νετον | ὀξῡνέτων | ὀξῡ́νετε | ὀξῡνόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ὀξῡ́νομαι | ὀξῡ́νῃ / ὀξῡ́νει | ὀξῡ́νεται | ὀξῡ́νεσθον | ὀξῡ́νεσθον | ὀξῡνόμεθᾰ | ὀξῡ́νεσθε | ὀξῡ́νονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀξῡ́νωμαι | ὀξῡ́νῃ | ὀξῡ́νηται | ὀξῡ́νησθον | ὀξῡ́νησθον | ὀξῡνώμεθᾰ | ὀξῡ́νησθε | ὀξῡ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | ὀξῡνοίμην | ὀξῡ́νοιο | ὀξῡ́νοιτο | ὀξῡ́νοισθον | ὀξῡνοίσθην | ὀξῡνοίμεθᾰ | ὀξῡ́νοισθε | ὀξῡ́νοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ὀξῡ́νου | ὀξῡνέσθω | ὀξῡ́νεσθον | ὀξῡνέσθων | ὀξῡ́νεσθε | ὀξῡνέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀξῡ́νειν | ὀξῡ́νεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀξῡ́νων | ὀξῡνόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ὀξῡ́νουσᾰ | ὀξῡνομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ὀξῦνον | ὀξῡνόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ὤξῡνον, ὠξῡνόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤξῡνον | ὤξῡνες | ὤξῡνε(ν) | ὠξῡ́νετον | ὠξῡνέτην | ὠξῡ́νομεν | ὠξῡ́νετε | ὤξῡνον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ὠξῡνόμην | ὠξῡ́νου | ὠξῡ́νετο | ὠξῡ́νεσθον | ὠξῡνέσθην | ὠξῡνόμεθᾰ | ὠξῡ́νεσθε | ὠξῡ́νοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: ὀξῠνέω, ὀξῠνέομαι, ὀξῠνθήσομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀξῠνέω | ὀξῠνέεις | ὀξῠνέει | ὀξῠνέετον | ὀξῠνέετον | ὀξῠνέομεν | ὀξῠνέετε | ὀξῠνέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνέοιμῐ | ὀξῠνέοις | ὀξῠνέοι | ὀξῠνέοιτον | ὀξῠνεοίτην | ὀξῠνέοιμεν | ὀξῠνέοιτε | ὀξῠνέοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | ὀξῠνέομαι | ὀξῠνέῃ / ὀξῠνέει | ὀξῠνέεται | ὀξῠνέεσθον | ὀξῠνέεσθον | ὀξῠνεόμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνέεσθε | ὀξῠνέονται | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνεοίμην | ὀξῠνέοιο | ὀξῠνέοιτο | ὀξῠνέοισθον | ὀξῠνεοίσθην | ὀξῠνεοίμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνέοισθε | ὀξῠνέοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | ὀξῠνθήσομαι | ὀξῠνθήσῃ | ὀξῠνθήσεται | ὀξῠνθήσεσθον | ὀξῠνθήσεσθον | ὀξῠνθησόμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνθήσεσθε | ὀξῠνθήσονται | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνθησοίμην | ὀξῠνθήσοιο | ὀξῠνθήσοιτο | ὀξῠνθήσοισθον | ὀξῠνθησοίσθην | ὀξῠνθησοίμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνθήσοισθε | ὀξῠνθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀξῠνέειν | ὀξῠνέεσθαι | ὀξῠνθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀξῠνέων | ὀξῠνεόμενος | ὀξῠνθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | ὀξῠνέουσᾰ | ὀξῠνεομένη | ὀξῠνθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | ὀξῠνέον | ὀξῠνεόμενον | ὀξῠνθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: ὀξῠνῶ, ὀξῠνοῦμαι, ὀξῠνθήσομαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀξῠνῶ | ὀξῠνεῖς | ὀξῠνεῖ | ὀξῠνεῖτον | ὀξῠνεῖτον | ὀξῠνοῦμεν | ὀξῠνεῖτε | ὀξῠνοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνοίην / ὀξῠνοῖμῐ | ὀξῠνοίης / ὀξῠνοῖς | ὀξῠνοίη / ὀξῠνοῖ | ὀξῠνοῖτον / ὀξῠνοίητον | ὀξῠνοίτην / ὀξῠνοιήτην | ὀξῠνοῖμεν / ὀξῠνοίημεν | ὀξῠνοῖτε / ὀξῠνοίητε | ὀξῠνοῖεν / ὀξῠνοίησᾰν | |||||
| middle | indicative | ὀξῠνοῦμαι | ὀξῠνῇ | ὀξῠνεῖται | ὀξῠνεῖσθον | ὀξῠνεῖσθον | ὀξῠνούμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνεῖσθε | ὀξῠνοῦνται | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνοίμην | ὀξῠνοῖο | ὀξῠνοῖτο | ὀξῠνοῖσθον | ὀξῠνοίσθην | ὀξῠνοίμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνοῖσθε | ὀξῠνοῖντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | ὀξῠνθήσομαι | ὀξῠνθήσῃ | ὀξῠνθήσεται | ὀξῠνθήσεσθον | ὀξῠνθήσεσθον | ὀξῠνθησόμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνθήσεσθε | ὀξῠνθήσονται | ||||
| optative | ὀξῠνθησοίμην | ὀξῠνθήσοιο | ὀξῠνθήσοιτο | ὀξῠνθήσοισθον | ὀξῠνθησοίσθην | ὀξῠνθησοίμεθᾰ | ὀξῠνθήσοισθε | ὀξῠνθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀξῠνεῖν | ὀξῠνεῖσθαι | ὀξῠνθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀξῠνῶν | ὀξῠνούμενος | ὀξῠνθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | ὀξῠνοῦσᾰ | ὀξῠνουμένη | ὀξῠνθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | ὀξῠνοῦν | ὀξῠνούμενον | ὀξῠνθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ὤξῡνᾰ, ὠξῡνᾰ́μην, ὠξῠ́νθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤξῡνᾰ | ὤξῡνᾰς | ὤξῡνε(ν) | ὠξῡ́νᾰτον | ὠξῡνᾰ́την | ὠξῡ́νᾰμεν | ὠξῡ́νᾰτε | ὤξῡνᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀξῡ́νω | ὀξῡ́νῃς | ὀξῡ́νῃ | ὀξῡ́νητον | ὀξῡ́νητον | ὀξῡ́νωμεν | ὀξῡ́νητε | ὀξῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀξῡ́ναιμῐ | ὀξῡ́νειᾰς / ὀξῡ́ναις | ὀξῡ́νειε(ν) / ὀξῡ́ναι | ὀξῡ́ναιτον | ὀξῡναίτην | ὀξῡ́ναιμεν | ὀξῡ́ναιτε | ὀξῡ́νειᾰν / ὀξῡ́ναιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὄξῡνον | ὀξῡνᾰ́τω | ὀξῡ́νᾰτον | ὀξῡνᾰ́των | ὀξῡ́νᾰτε | ὀξῡνᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ὠξῡνᾰ́μην | ὠξῡ́νω | ὠξῡ́νᾰτο | ὠξῡ́νᾰσθον | ὠξῡνᾰ́σθην | ὠξῡνᾰ́μεθᾰ | ὠξῡ́νᾰσθε | ὠξῡ́νᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀξῡ́νωμαι | ὀξῡ́νῃ | ὀξῡ́νηται | ὀξῡ́νησθον | ὀξῡ́νησθον | ὀξῡνώμεθᾰ | ὀξῡ́νησθε | ὀξῡ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | ὀξῡναίμην | ὀξῡ́ναιο | ὀξῡ́ναιτο | ὀξῡ́ναισθον | ὀξῡναίσθην | ὀξῡναίμεθᾰ | ὀξῡ́ναισθε | ὀξῡ́ναιντο | |||||
| imperative | ὄξῡναι | ὀξῡνᾰ́σθω | ὀξῡ́νᾰσθον | ὀξῡνᾰ́σθων | ὀξῡ́νᾰσθε | ὀξῡνᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ὠξῠ́νθην | ὠξῠ́νθης | ὠξῠ́νθη | ὠξῠ́νθητον | ὠξῠνθήτην | ὠξῠ́νθημεν | ὠξῠ́νθητε | ὠξῠ́νθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀξῠνθῶ | ὀξῠνθῇς | ὀξῠνθῇ | ὀξῠνθῆτον | ὀξῠνθῆτον | ὀξῠνθῶμεν | ὀξῠνθῆτε | ὀξῠνθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀξῠνθείην | ὀξῠνθείης | ὀξῠνθείη | ὀξῠνθεῖτον / ὀξῠνθείητον | ὀξῠνθείτην / ὀξῠνθειήτην | ὀξῠνθεῖμεν / ὀξῠνθείημεν | ὀξῠνθεῖτε / ὀξῠνθείητε | ὀξῠνθεῖεν / ὀξῠνθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | ὀξῠ́νθητῐ | ὀξῠνθήτω | ὀξῠ́νθητον | ὀξῠνθήτων | ὀξῠ́νθητε | ὀξῠνθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀξῦναι | ὀξῡ́νᾰσθαι | ὀξῠνθῆναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀξῡ́νᾱς | ὀξῡνᾰ́μενος | ὀξῠνθείς | |||||||||
| f | ὀξῡ́νᾱσᾰ | ὀξῡνᾰμένη | ὀξῠνθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | ὀξῦνᾰν | ὀξῡνᾰ́μενον | ὀξῠνθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: ὤξῠγκᾰ, ὤξῠμμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤξῠγκᾰ | ὤξῠγκᾰς | ὤξῠγκε(ν) | ὠξῠ́γκᾰτον | ὠξῠ́γκᾰτον | ὠξῠ́γκᾰμεν | ὠξῠ́γκᾰτε | ὠξῠ́γκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ὠξῠ́γκω | ὠξῠ́γκῃς | ὠξῠ́γκῃ | ὠξῠ́γκητον | ὠξῠ́γκητον | ὠξῠ́γκωμεν | ὠξῠ́γκητε | ὠξῠ́γκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὠξῠ́γκοιμῐ / ὠξῠγκοίην | ὠξῠ́γκοις / ὠξῠγκοίης | ὠξῠ́γκοι / ὠξῠγκοίη | ὠξῠ́γκοιτον | ὠξῠγκοίτην | ὠξῠ́γκοιμεν | ὠξῠ́γκοιτε | ὠξῠ́γκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὤξῠγκε | ὠξῠγκέτω | ὠξῠ́γκετον | ὠξῠγκέτων | ὠξῠ́γκετε | ὠξῠγκόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ὤξῠμμαι | ὤξῠψαι | ὤξῠπται | ὤξῠφθον | ὤξῠφθον | ὠξῠ́μμεθᾰ | ὤξῠφθε | ὠξῠ́πᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | ὠξῠμμένος ὦ | ὠξῠμμένος ᾖς | ὠξῠμμένος ᾖ | ὠξῠμμένω ἦτον | ὠξῠμμένω ἦτον | ὠξῠμμένοι ὦμεν | ὠξῠμμένοι ἦτε | ὠξῠμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὠξῠμμένος εἴην | ὠξῠμμένος εἴης | ὠξῠμμένος εἴη | ὠξῠμμένω εἴητον / εἶτον | ὠξῠμμένω εἰήτην / εἴτην | ὠξῠμμένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν | ὠξῠμμένοι εἴητε / εἶτε | ὠξῠμμένοι εἴησᾰν / εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ὤξῠψο | ὠξῠ́φθω | ὤξῠφθον | ὠξῠ́φθων | ὤξῠφθε | ὠξῠ́φθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὠξῠγκέναι | ὠξῠ́φθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ὠξῠγκώς | ὠξῠμμένος | ||||||||||
| f | ὠξῠγκυῖᾰ | ὠξῠμμένη | |||||||||||
| n | ὠξῠγκός | ὠξῠμμένον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- παροξῡ́νω (paroxū́nō)
Further reading
- ὀξύνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ὀξύνω in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- “ὀξύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.