ὄαρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Looking at ὀαρίζω (oarízō, “to converse, chat with”), it is thought that this word originally meant "confidential intercourse", whence "confidential company, wife". A good etymology has not been found. According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek. Maybe from *h₁ós-r̥ "female", whence also feminine numeral *tisr-, according to Kim.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.ar/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ar/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ar/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ar/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ar/

Noun

ὄᾰρ • (óăr) f (genitive ὄᾰρος); third declension

wife, spouse
Synonyms: γυνή (gunḗ), ἄλοχος (álokhos), σύνευνος (súneunos), ἄκοιτις (ákoitis), σύλλεκτρος (súllektros), εὖνις (eûnis), παράκοιτις (parákoitis), συνευνέτις (suneunétis), συνάορος (sunáoros), συμβία (sumbía), δάμαρ (dámar), ὁμευνέτις (homeunétis), σύζυγος (súzugos), εὐνάτειρα (eunáteira), ευνήτρια (eunḗtria)

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ὄᾰρ; τῆς ὄᾰρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ὄᾰρ hē óăr	τὼ ὄᾰρε tṑ óăre	αἱ ὄᾰρες hai óăres
Genitive	τῆς ὄᾰρος tês óăros	τοῖν ὀᾰ́ροιν toîn oắroin	τῶν ὀᾰ́ρων tôn oắrōn
Dative	τῇ ὄᾰρῐ tēî óărĭ	τοῖν ὀᾰ́ροιν toîn oắroin	ταῖς ὄᾰρσῐ / ὄᾰρσῐν taîs óărsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ὄᾰρᾰ tḕn óără	τὼ ὄᾰρε tṑ óăre	τᾱ̀ς ὄᾰρᾰς tā̀s óărăs
Vocative	ὄᾰρ óăr	ὄᾰρε óăre	ὄᾰρες óăres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ὀαρίζω (oarízō)
ὀάρισμα (oárisma)
ὀαρισμός (oarismós)
ὀαριστής (oaristḗs)
ὀαριστύς (oaristús)
ὄαρος (óaros)

References

^ Kim, Ronald I. "The Celtic Feminine Numerals ‘3’ and ‘4’ Revisited", in Keltische Forschungen 3 (2008), 143-69; abstract 319-20.

“ὄαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ὄαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ὄαρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ὄαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ὄαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1] Kim, Ronald I. "The Celtic Feminine Numerals ‘3’ and ‘4’ Revisited", in Keltische Forschungen 3 (2008), 143-69; abstract 319-20.

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