Japanese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 久 in the cursive sōsho style.
Syllable
く • (ku)
- The hiragana syllable く (ku). Its equivalent in katakana is ク (ku). It is the eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is か行う段 (ka-gyō u-dan, “row ka, section u”).
Usage notes
Do not confuse it with the kana iteration mark 〱 which is sometimes used in vertical text.
Derived terms
See also
- (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, ゆゅ, よょ, ら, り, る, れ, ろ, わゎ, ゐ, ゑ, を, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of く – see the following entries.
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| 【口】1
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- [noun] (Buddhism) the mouth
- [noun] (Buddhism) (by extension) one's speech, one's words
- [noun] the mouthpiece of a flute
- [counter] used to count people
- [counter] used to count per-person portions
- [counter] used to count open-mouthed containers
- [counter] used to count bladed weapons or tools
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(This term, く (ku), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as く, see Category:Japanese kanji read as く.)
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(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 工, 久, 供, 駆, 駒, 狗, 懼.)
Etymology 3
Some obsolete inflections.
Verb
く • (ku)
- 消: disappear
- 来: come
Etymology 4
| Alternative spelling
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| 所 (obsolete)
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/-u aku//-ru aku//-ki aku/ → /(-a)ku//-raku//-keku/
Originally a compound of the 連体形 (rentaikei) of verbs and adjectives and 所 (aku); 上代特殊仮名遣 (jōdai tokushu kanazukai) contractions of vowel clusters caused it to be reanalyzed as the suffixes:
- く (ku) following
- らく (raku) following
- けく (keku) following the stem of adjectives.
The use of this nominalizer is called ク語法 (ku-gohō).
Suffix
く • (-ku)
- (obsolete) A nominalizing suffix in Old Japanese.
Usage notes
Inflection rules for the く form
| Word |
dictionary form |
-ku form
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| yodan verbs
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| 書く |
かく (kaku) |
かかく (kakaku)
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| 泳ぐ |
およぐ (oyogu) |
およがく (oyogaku)
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| 話す |
はなす (hanasu) |
はなさく (hanasaku)
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| 待つ |
まつ (matsu) |
またく (mataku)
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| 呼ぶ |
よぶ (yobu) |
よばく (yobaku)
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| 読む |
よむ (yomu) |
よまく (yomaku)
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| 作る |
つくる (tsukuru) |
つくらく (tsukuraku)
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| 買ふ |
かふ (kafu) |
かはらく (kaharaku)
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| kami nidan verbs
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| 起く |
おく (oku) |
おくらく (okuraku)
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| 過ぐ |
すぐ (sugu) |
すぐらく (suguraku)
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| 落つ |
おつ (otsu) |
おつらく (otsuraku)
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| 恥づ |
はづ (hazu) |
はづらく (hazuraku)
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| 強ふ |
しふ (shifu) |
しふらく (shifuraku)
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| 伸ぶ |
のぶ (nobu) |
のぶらく (noburaku)
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| 浴む |
あむ (amu) |
あむらく (amuraku)
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| 老ゆ |
おゆ (oyu) |
おゆらく (oyuraku)
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| 懲る |
こる (koru) |
こるらく (koruraku)
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| shimo nidan verbs
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| 得 |
う (u) |
うらく (uraku)
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| 受く |
うく (uku) |
うくらく (ukuraku)
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| 上ぐ |
あぐ (agu) |
あぐらく (aguraku)
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| 寄す |
よす (yosu) |
よすらく (yosuraku)
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| 交ず |
まず (mazu) |
まずらく (mazuraku)
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| 捨つ |
すつ (sutsu) |
すつらく (sutsuraku)
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| 出づ |
いづ (izu) |
いづらく (izuraku)
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| 尋ぬ |
たづぬ (tazunu) |
たづぬらく (tazunuraku)
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| 与ふ |
あたふ (atafu) |
あたふらく (atafuraku)
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| 調ぶ |
しらぶ (shirabu) |
しらぶらく (shiraburaku)
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| 止む |
とむ (tomu) |
とむらく (tomuraku)
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| 越ゆ |
こゆ (koyu) |
こゆらく (koyuraku)
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| 晴る |
はる (haru) |
はるらく (haruraku)
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| 植う |
うう (ū) |
ううらく (ūraku)
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| kami ichidan verbs (type 2a)
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| 着る |
きる (kiru) |
きらく (kiraku)
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| 似る |
にる (niru) |
にらく (niraku)
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| 干る |
ひる (hiru) |
ひらく (hiraku)
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| 見る |
みる (miru) |
みらく (miraku)
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| 射る |
いる (iru) |
いらく (iraku)
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| 居る |
ゐる (iru) |
ゐらく (iraku)
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| shimo ichidan verbs (type 2b)
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| 蹴る |
ける (keru) |
けらく (keraku)
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| 蹴ゑる |
くゑる (kueru) |
くゑらく (kueraku)
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| irregular verbs (type 3)
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| 為 |
す (su) |
すらく (suraku)
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| 来 |
く (ku) |
くらく (kuraku)
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| 有り |
あり (ari) |
あらく (araku)
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| 死ぬ |
しぬ (shinu) |
しぬらく (shinuraku)
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| adjectives
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| 清し |
きよし (kiyoshi) |
きよけく (kiyokeku)
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| 悲し |
かなし (kanashi) |
かなしけく (kanashikeku)
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| 体たり |
ていたり (teitari) |
ていたらく (teitaraku)
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| 静かなり |
しづかなり (shizukanari) |
しづかならく (shizukanaraku)
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Derived terms