ひだるい
Japanese
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 饑い |
Etymology
First attested in 1254. A surface analysis suggests a compound of 干 (hi, “drying”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 干る (hiru, “to dry”)) + だるい (darui, “worn out”),[1] but darui (classical darushi or tarushi) is attested later.
This word appears to be more masculine. After the Muromachi period, the word was replaced by the more feminine word ひもじい (himojii); see there for more.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ひだるい • (hidarui) , classical ひだるし (hidarushi)
- [from 1254] (archaic or dialectal) hungry
- [from 1772] (obsolete) unfulfilled lust
- [from 1908] (archaic or dialectal) worn out; tired; listless
- Synonym: だるい (darui)
Inflection
Inflection of ひだるい
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | ひだるかろ | hidarukaro | |
| Continuative (連用形) | ひだるく | hidaruku | |
| Terminal (終止形) | ひだるい | hidarui | |
| Attributive (連体形) | ひだるい | hidarui | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | ひだるけれ | hidarukere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | ひだるかれ | hidarukare | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | ひだるくない | hidaruku nai | |
| Informal past | ひだるかった | hidarukatta | |
| Informal negative past | ひだるくなかった | hidaruku nakatta | |
| Formal | ひだるいです | hidarui desu | |
| Formal negative | ひだるくないです | hidaruku nai desu | |
| Formal past | ひだるかったです | hidarukatta desu | |
| Formal negative past | ひだるくなかったです | hidaruku nakatta desu | |
| Conjunctive | ひだるくて | hidarukute | |
| Conditional | ひだるければ | hidarukereba | |
| Provisional | ひだるかったら | hidarukattara | |
| Volitional | ひだるかろう | hidarukarō | |
| Adverbial | ひだるく | hidaruku | |
| Degree | ひだるさ | hidarusa | |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002) 日本国語大辞典 第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN