司る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 司 |
| つかさど Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 掌る 宰る |
Etymology
Compound of 官 (tsukasa, “position of authority”) + 取る (toru, “to take”).[1][2] The toru changes to doru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「司る」
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
司る | つかさどる | [tsùkásádóꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 司れ | つかさどれ | [tsùkásádóꜜrè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 司られる | つかさどられる | [tsùkásádóráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 司らせる | つかさどらせる | [tsùkásádóráséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 司れる | つかさどれる | [tsùkásádóréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 司ろう | つかさどろー | [tsùkásádóróꜜò] |
| Negative | 司らない | つかさどらない | [tsùkásádóráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 司らなかった | つかさどらなかった | [tsùkásádóráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 司ります | つかさどります | [tsùkásádórímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 司った | つかさどった | [tsùkásádóꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 司って | つかさどって | [tsùkásádóꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 司れば | つかさどれば | [tsùkásádóꜜrèbà] |
Verb
司る • (tsukasadoru) transitive godan (stem 司り (tsukasadori), past 司った (tsukasadotta))
- To manage or be in charge of a role or job, in a position of responsibility.
- 会計事務を司る者
- kaikei jimu o tsukasadoru mono
- the person in charge of or responsible for the accounting work
- 会計事務を司る者
- To rule, control, or administer people or things, from a position of authority.
- 生死を司る神
- seishi o tsukasadoru kami
- the god controlling life and death
- 生死を司る神
- (biology) To carry out a role, to serve a function, as done by an organ of the body.
- 呼吸を司る臓器は肺です。
- Kokyū o tsukasadoru zōki wa hai desu.
- The organ that handles breathing is the lungs.
- 呼吸を司る臓器は肺です。
Conjugation
Conjugation of "司る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 司ら | つかさどら | tsukasadora |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 司り | つかさどり | tsukasadori |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 司る | つかさどる | tsukasadoru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 司る | つかさどる | tsukasadoru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 司れ | つかさどれ | tsukasadore |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 司れ | つかさどれ | tsukasadore |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 司られる | つかさどられる | tsukasadorareru |
| Causative | 司らせる 司らす |
つかさどらせる つかさどらす |
tsukasadoraseru tsukasadorasu |
| Potential | 司れる | つかさどれる | tsukasadoreru |
| Volitional | 司ろう | つかさどろう | tsukasadorō |
| Negative | 司らない | つかさどらない | tsukasadoranai |
| Negative continuative | 司らず | つかさどらず | tsukasadorazu |
| Formal | 司ります | つかさどります | tsukasadorimasu |
| Perfective | 司った | つかさどった | tsukasadotta |
| Conjunctive | 司って | つかさどって | tsukasadotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 司れば | つかさどれば | tsukasadoreba |
Synonyms
- (rule, control):
- (manage, be responsible for):
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.