吐火羅

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (吐火羅)		吐	火	羅
simp. (吐火罗)		吐	火	罗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Tùhuǒluó, Tǔhuǒluó

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ, ㄊㄨˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou³ fo² lo⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tùhuǒluó
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tùhuǒluó
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻu⁴-huo³-lo²
  - Yale: Tù-hwǒ-lwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tuhhuooluo
  - Palladius: Тухоло (Tuxolo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tǔhuǒluó [Phonetic: túhuǒluó]
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tǔhuǒluó
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻu³-huo³-lo²
  - Yale: Tǔ-hwǒ-lwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tuuhuooluo
  - Palladius: Тухоло (Tuxolo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tou³ fo² lo⁴
  - Yale: tou fó lòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou³ fo² lo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou³ fo² lo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³³ fɔː³⁵ lɔː²¹/

Middle Chinese: thuX|thuH xwaX la

Rime
Character	吐	吐	火	羅
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	透 (6)	曉 (32)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	他魯切	湯故切	呼果切	魯何切
Baxter	thuX	thuH	xwaX	la
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuo^X/	/tʰuo^H/	/huɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuo^X/	/tʰuo^H/	/huɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰo^X/	/tʰo^H/	/xuɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɔ^X/	/tʰɔ^H/	/hwa^X/	/la/
Li Rong	/tʰo^X/	/tʰo^H/	/xuɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Wang Li	/tʰu^X/	/tʰu^H/	/xuɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰuo^X/	/tʰuo^H/	/xuɑ^X/	/lɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tǔ	tù	huǒ	luó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou²	tou³	fo²	lo⁴

Proper noun

吐火羅

Tocharian

Synonyms

覩貨邏／睹货逻 (archaic)

Derived terms

吐火羅人 / 吐火罗人 (tùhuǒluórén)
吐火羅文A / 吐火罗文A (Tùhuǒluówén Ēi)
吐火羅文B / 吐火罗文B (Tùhuǒluówén Bì)
吐火羅語 / 吐火罗语 (tǔhuǒluóyǔ)