天塹

See also: 天堑

Chinese

		heaven 's heavenly	city moat(s) natural barrier(s)
trad. (天塹)		天	塹
simp. (天堑)		天	堑

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiānqiàn, Tiānqiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢㄑㄧㄢˋ, ㄊㄧㄢㄑㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ cim³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thian-chhiàm

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tiānqiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄑㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tianciàn
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-chʻien⁴
  - Yale: tyān-chyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianchiann
  - Palladius: тяньцянь (tjanʹcjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tiānqiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄑㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tianciàn
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻien¹-chʻien⁴
  - Yale: Tyān-chyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tianchiann
  - Palladius: Тяньцянь (Tjanʹcjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tin¹ cim³
  - Yale: tīn chim
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ tsim³
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ qim³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːm³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-chhiàm
  - Tâi-lô: thian-tshiàm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tienchiaxm
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiam²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ t͡sʰiam⁴¹/

Noun

天塹

natural moat

Related terms

天險／天险 (tiānxiǎn)

Proper noun

天塹

Heavenly Barrier (in reference to the Yangtze)

Derived terms

天塹變通途 / 天堑变通途
長江天塹 / 长江天堑