宿命

Chinese

		(a) night; constellation; lodge for the night (a) night; constellation; lodge for the night; old; former	life; fate
simp. and trad. (宿命)		宿	命
Literally: “predestined life”.

Etymology

Translation of Sanskrit जातिस्मर (jātismara, “recollecting a former existence; memory of previous births”). The Tibetan equivalent is ཚེ་རབས་དྲན་པ (tshe rabs dran pa).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sùmìng

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): suk¹ ming⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sok-miā

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sùmìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sùmìng
  - Wade–Giles: su⁴-ming⁴
  - Yale: sù-mìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suhminq
  - Palladius: сумин (sumin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹⁻⁵³ miŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: suk¹ ming⁶
  - Yale: sūk mihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: suk⁷ ming⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sug¹ ming⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊk̚⁵ mɪŋ²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok-miā
  - Tâi-lô: sok-miā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sokmia
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ miã⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ miã²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã³³/

Middle Chinese: sjuwk mjaengH

Rime
Character	宿	命
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息逐切	眉病切
Baxter	sjuwk	mjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨuk̚/	/mˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/siuk̚/	/mᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/siuk̚/	/miaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suwk̚/	/miajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/siuk̚/	/miɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/sĭuk̚/	/mĭɐŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯uk̚/	/mi̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	su	mìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk¹	ming⁶

Noun

宿命

(Buddhism) destiny; fate; fatality; karma

Synonyms

edit

命數 / 命数 (mìngshù)
命水 (meng⁶ seoi²) (Cantonese)
命途 (Hokkien)
命運 / 命运 (mìngyùn)
字運 / 字运 (cê-ông) (Eastern Min, Hokkien)
定數 / 定数 (dìngshù)
氣數 / 气数 (qìshù) (literary)
氣運 / 气运 (qìyùn) (literary or Southern Min)
造物 (zàowù) (obsolete)
運命 / 运命 (Hokkien, literary or Hakka)
運氣 / 运气
運途 / 运途 (Hokkien)
運道 / 运道 (yùndào)

Derived terms

宿命論 / 宿命论 (sùmìnglùn)
宿命通

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (宿命):

→ Japanese: 宿命(しゅくめい) (shukumei)
→ Korean: 숙명(宿命) (sungmyeong)
→ Vietnamese: túc mệnh (宿命)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
宿	命
しゅく Grade: 3	めい Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゅくめー [shùkúméé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕɨ̥kɯ̟me̞ː]

Noun

宿(しゅく)命(めい) • (shukumei)

destiny

Derived terms

宿命的
宿命論

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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