新手

Chinese

		new; newly; meso- (chem.)	hand; convenient; ‑er
trad. (新手)		新	手
simp. ^#(新手)		新	手

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīnshǒu

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣㄕㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ sau²
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xin¹ su³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sin-chhiú

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīnshǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣㄕㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sinshǒu
  - Wade–Giles: hsin¹-shou³
  - Yale: syīn-shǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinshoou
  - Palladius: синьшоу (sinʹšou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: san¹ sau²
  - Yale: sān sáu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ sau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ seo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    新手
    身手
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xin¹ su³
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ su³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-chhiú
  - Tâi-lô: sin-tshiú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinchiuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³ t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

Noun

新手

beginner; novice; newcomer
新手指南 ― xīnshǒu zhǐnán ― beginner's guide

Synonyms

(informal) 菜鳥／菜鸟 (càiniǎo)
(Hakka) 新腳／新脚
(Hokkien) 菜鳥仔／菜鸟仔
(Xiang) 暴參子／暴参子, 暴生子, 暴呵子

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
新	手
あら Grade: 2	て Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
荒手 (rare)

Compound of 新 (ara, “new”, root stem of adjective 新た arata, “new”; cognate with obsolete verb 生る aru, “to appear, to become manifest”) +‎ 手 (te, “hand; -er, someone who does something”).^[1]^[2]^[3] Compare the English expressions new hand, old hand.

Alternatively, may be parsed as a compound of 荒 (ara, “rough, unfinished”, cognate with 新 (ara, “new”)) +‎ 手 (te, “hand; -er, someone who does something”).^[1]

First attested in a text from 1220.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あらて [àráté] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [a̠ɾa̠te̞]

Noun

新(あら)手(て) • (arate)

[from 1886] beginner, novice, newcomer, a greenhorn
Synonym: 初心者 (shoshinsha)

Antonym: 古手 (furute, literally “old hand”)
[from 1220] reinforcements, soldiers or athletes who have been kept in reserve during a battle or match and who are not yet tired
[date uncertain] a new method, a new way of doing something
Synonym: 新手 (shinte)

Antonym: 古手 (furute, literally “old hand”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
新	手
しん Grade: 2	て Grade: 1
on'yomi	kun'yomi

Appears to be a re-analysis of 新手 (arate), replacing the kun'yomi of ara for 新 (“new”) with its on'yomi of shin.

First attested in a text from 1790.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんて [shìńté] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩnte̞]

Noun

新(しん)手(て) • (shinte)

[from 1790] a new method, a new way of doing something
Synonym: 新手 (arate)

Antonym: 古手 (furute, literally “old hand”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJS-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

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