本土化
Chinese
| one's native country; metropolitan territory | to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (本土化) | 本土 | 化 | |
| simp. #(本土化) | 本土 | 化 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bun2 tou2 faa3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pún-thú-fa
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pún-thó͘-hòa
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: běntǔhuà [Phonetic: béntǔhuà]
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄣˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: běntǔhuà
- Wade–Giles: pên3-tʻu3-hua4
- Yale: běn-tǔ-hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beentuuhuah
- Palladius: бэньтухуа (bɛnʹtuxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bun2 tou2 faa3
- Yale: bún tóu fa
- Cantonese Pinyin: bun2 tou2 faa3
- Guangdong Romanization: bun2 tou2 fa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /puːn³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵ faː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pún-thú-fa
- Hakka Romanization System: bunˋ tuˋ fa
- Hagfa Pinyim: bun3 tu3 fa4
- Sinological IPA: /pun³¹ tʰu³¹ fa⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pún-thó͘-hòa
- Tâi-lô: pún-thóo-huà
- Phofsit Daibuun: pwntofhoax
- IPA (Xiamen): /pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pun⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
- (Hokkien)
Noun
本土化
- localisation (opposite of globalisation)
See also
- 本地化 (běndìhuà)