歌德
Chinese
phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (歌德) |
歌 | 德 |
Etymology
As a transliteration of the German surname Goethe, first attested in Chinese as 果次 in 1878 (Qian, 1985). Prior to the appearance of the current transliteration (attested no later than 1922), there used to be 格代 (attested in 1904 in Wang Kuo-wei's article), 瞿德 (attested in 1908 in Lu Hsün's prose), 俄特 (attested in 1910, in Ku Hung-ming's work), 貴推, and 戈德 (attested in China's first anthology of German poetry, published in 1914), etc.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Gēdé
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ ㄉㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Gedé
- Wade–Giles: Ko1-tê2
- Yale: Gē-dé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Geder
- Palladius: Гэдэ (Gɛdɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: go1 dak1
- Yale: gō dāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: go1 dak7
- Guangdong Romanization: go1 deg1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Proper noun
歌德