潁川

See also: 颍川

Chinese

		name of a river	river; creek; plain river; creek; plain; an area of level country; Sichuan province (abbrev.)
trad. (潁川)		潁	川
simp. (颍川)		颍	川

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Yǐngchuān

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˇ ㄔㄨㄢ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Yǐngchuān
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˇ ㄔㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Yǐngchuan
  - Wade–Giles: Ying³-chʻuan¹
  - Yale: Yǐng-chwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Yiingchuan
  - Palladius: Инчуань (Inčuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: ywengX tsyhwen

Rime
Character	潁	川
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	清 (122)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	餘頃切	昌緣切
Baxter	ywengX	tsyhwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jwiᴇŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/iuæŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰjuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwiajŋ^X/	/cʰwian/
Li Rong	/iuɛŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰiuɛn/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯wɛŋ^X/	/t͡ɕʰi̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒng	chuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wing⁵	cyun¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷeŋʔ kʰjon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	川
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuān
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhwen ›
Old Chinese	/*t.l̥u[n]/ (MC -jwen is irregular)
English	stream, river
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	潁	川
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10510	1628
Phonetic component	頃	川
Rime group	耕	元
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	潁	穿
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷeŋʔ/	/*kʰjon/

Proper noun

潁川

(～郡) (historical) Yingchuan (a commandery in ancient China that existed between the Qin and Tang dynasties, whose capital was located in modern day Yuzhou, Henan, China)