碼頭

See also: 码头

Chinese

	a weight; number; yard a weight; number; yard; code; pile; stack	head; (noun suffix)
trad. (碼頭)	碼	頭
simp. (码头)	码	头
alternative forms	馬頭／马头 pier
anagram	頭碼／头码

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mǎtou, mǎtóu

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ˙ㄊㄡ, ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄡˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ma³ tou²

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): màtou
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maa⁵ tau⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ma⁴ heu³

(Yangjiang, Jyutping++): maa² tau⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): ma³ teu
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mâ-thèu

(Hailu, HRS): ma^ˋ teu

(Meixian, Guangdong): ma¹ têu²
Jin (Wiktionary): ma⁵ tou¹
Northern Min (KCR): mǎ-tê
Eastern Min (BUC): mā-tàu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bor³ tao²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bé-thâu / bée-thâu

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhê² tao⁵
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶mo-deu₆ / ²mo₆-deu₂
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ma⁵ dou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǎtou
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ˙ㄊㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎto̊u
  - Wade–Giles: ma³-tʻou⁵
  - Yale: mǎ-tou
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maa.tou
  - Palladius: матоу (matou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴ tʰoʊ̯⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǎtóu
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎtóu
  - Wade–Giles: ma³-tʻou²
  - Yale: mǎ-tóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maatour
  - Palladius: матоу (matou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ma³ tou²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: maatou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma⁵³ tʰəu²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: màtou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma⁵³ tʰɤu/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: maa⁵ tau⁴
  - Yale: máh tàuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵ tau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵ teo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    碼頭 / 码头
    馬頭 / 马头
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ma⁴ heu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐba²¹ heu²²/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++: maa² tau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹ tʰɐu⁴²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ma³ teu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹³⁻²¹ tʰɛu¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-thèu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma^ˊ teu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ teu²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma^ˋ teu
  - Sinological IPA: /ma⁵³ tʰeu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ma¹ têu²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ma⁵ tou¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ma⁵⁴ tʰəu¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǎ-tê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹ tʰe³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mā-tàu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma³³⁻²¹ ^(tʰ-)lau⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ tao² [Phonetic: bor² lao²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bô̤-táu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ ^(tʰ-)lau¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ tao² [Phonetic: bor¹ lao²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ³³²⁻⁵⁵ ^(tʰ-)lau²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-thâu
  - Tâi-lô: bé-thâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beftaau
  - IPA (Singapore): /be⁴²⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bée-thâu
  - Tâi-lô: bée-thâu
  - IPA (Penang): /bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhê² tao⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bé thâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /be⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰau⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶mo-deu₆
  - MiniDict: mo^去 deu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mo-deu₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²² dɤ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²mo₆-deu₂
  - MiniDict: mo^去 deu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /mo²² døy³³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ma⁵ dou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma̠²¹⁻¹¹ təu̯¹³/

Noun

碼頭

pier; wharf; dock; quay
- 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “築”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 581:
  
  築碼頭／筑码头 [Teochew] ― dog⁴ bhê² tao⁵ [Peng'im] ― make a jetty
port city

Synonyms

(pier):

edit

埠
埠頭 / 埠头
步頭 / 步头 (bùtóu)
港埠 (gǎngbù)
船埠 (chuánbù)
路頭 / 路头 (Hokkien)
輪埠 / 轮埠 (lúnbù)

Dialectal synonyms of 碼頭 (“pier; wharf”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		碼頭
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	碼頭
	Taiwan	碼頭
	Singapore	碼頭
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	碼頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	碼頭
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	碼頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	碼頭
	Wuhan	碼頭
	Guilin	碼頭
	Liuzhou	碼頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	碼頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	碼頭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	碼頭, 埗頭
	Hong Kong	碼頭
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	碼頭, 渡頭
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	碼頭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	碼頭
	Dongguan	埠頭
	Yangjiang	碼頭, 埠頭
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	碼頭
	Singapore (Guangfu)	碼頭
Gan	Nanchang	碼頭
	Lichuan	碼頭
	Pingxiang	碼頭
Hakka	Meixian	碼頭
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	碼頭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	碼頭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	碼頭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	碼頭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	碼頭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	碼頭
	Hong Kong	碼頭
	Senai (Huiyang)	碼頭
	Singkawang	碼頭
Huizhou	Jixi	碼頭
Northern Min	Jian'ou	碼頭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	碼頭
Eastern Min	Singapore (Fuqing)	碼頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	碼頭, 埠頭
	Taipei	渡船頭, 港口, 碼頭
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	碼頭
	Kaohsiung	碼頭
	Yilan	港口, 碼頭
	Changhua (Lukang)	碼頭
	Taichung	碼頭
	Tainan	港口, 碼頭
	Hsinchu	碼頭
	Kinmen	碼頭
	Penghu (Magong)	碼頭
	Penang (Hokkien)	碼頭
	Singapore (Hokkien)	碼頭
	Manila (Hokkien)	碼頭
	Chaozhou	碼頭
	Shantou	碼頭, 船頭
	Shantou (Chenghai)	船頭
	Jieyang	船頭, 碼頭
	Bangkok (Teochew)	碼頭
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	碼頭
	Pontianak (Teochew)	碼頭
	Haikou	埠頭
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	埠頭
Wu	Shanghai	碼頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	碼頭
	Suzhou	碼頭
	Hangzhou	碼頭
	Ningbo	碼頭
	Wenzhou	碼頭, 碼道, 碼道頭, 埠頭, 船埠頭
	Jinhua	碼頭, 埠頭 rough
Xiang	Changsha	碼頭
	Loudi	碼頭
	Shuangfeng	碼頭

(port city): 港市 (gǎngshì)

Derived terms

拜碼頭 / 拜码头 (bàimǎtou)
漁人碼頭 / 渔人码头 (Yúrénmǎtóu)
跑碼頭 / 跑码头 (pǎomǎtou)
遊碼頭 / 游码头

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “1807 码头”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 466.