艱難困苦
Chinese
| hard; difficult; challenging | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (艱難困苦) | 艱難 | 困苦 | |
| simp. (艰难困苦) | 艰难 | 困苦 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): jiānnánkùnkǔ
- (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄎㄨˇ
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan1 naan4 kwan3 fu2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiānnánkùnkǔ
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄎㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiannánkùnkǔ
- Wade–Giles: chien1-nan2-kʻun4-kʻu3
- Yale: jyān-nán-kwùn-kǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiannankuennkuu
- Palladius: цзяньнанькуньку (czjanʹnanʹkunʹku)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ nän³⁵ kʰu̯ən⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gaan1 naan4 kwan3 fu2
- Yale: gāan nàahn kwan fú
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaan1 naan4 kwan3 fu2
- Guangdong Romanization: gan1 nan4 kuen3 fu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaːn⁵⁵ naːn²¹ kʷʰɐn³³ fuː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
艱難困苦
Derived terms
- 艱難困苦，玉汝於成 / 艰难困苦，玉汝于成