蹲う
Japanese
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蹲 |
| つくば Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 踞う |
Said to have the meaning of 突く (tsuku, “to poke; to prick”) + 這う (hau, “to crawl”),[1] but the usage of the 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal form”) or 連体形 (rentaikei, “adnominal form”) of the verb 突く (tsuku) instead of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “conjunctive form”) 突き (tsuki) makes this compound unusual.
Verb
蹲う • (tsukubau) ←つくばふ (tukubafu)?intransitive godan (stem 蹲い (tsukubai), past 蹲った (tsukubatta))
- to be on all fours, prostrate
Conjugation
Conjugation of "蹲う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 蹲わ | つくばわ | tsukubawa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 蹲い | つくばい | tsukubai |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 蹲う | つくばう | tsukubau |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 蹲う | つくばう | tsukubau |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 蹲え | つくばえ | tsukubae |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 蹲え | つくばえ | tsukubae |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 蹲われる | つくばわれる | tsukubawareru |
| Causative | 蹲わせる 蹲わす |
つくばわせる つくばわす |
tsukubawaseru tsukubawasu |
| Potential | 蹲える | つくばえる | tsukubaeru |
| Volitional | 蹲おう | つくばおう | tsukubaō |
| Negative | 蹲わない | つくばわない | tsukubawanai |
| Negative continuative | 蹲わず | つくばわず | tsukubawazu |
| Formal | 蹲います | つくばいます | tsukubaimasu |
| Perfective | 蹲った | つくばった | tsukubatta |
| Conjunctive | 蹲って | つくばって | tsukubatte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 蹲えば | つくばえば | tsukubaeba |
Classical conjugation of "蹲ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 蹲は | つくばは | tukubafa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 蹲ひ | つくばひ | tukubafi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 蹲ふ | つくばふ | tukubafu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 蹲ふ | つくばふ | tukubafu |
| Realis (已然形) | 蹲へ | つくばへ | tukubafe |
| Imperative (命令形) | 蹲へ | つくばへ | tukubafe |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 蹲はず | つくばはず | tukubafazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 蹲へど | つくばへど | tukubafedo |
| Causal conjunction | 蹲へば | つくばへば | tukubafeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 蹲はば | つくばはば | tukubafaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 蹲ひき | つくばひき | tukubafiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 蹲ひけり | つくばひけり | tukubafikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 蹲ひつ | つくばひつ | tukubafitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 蹲ひぬ | つくばひぬ | tukubafinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 蹲へり 蹲ひたり |
つくばへり つくばひたり |
tukubaferi tukubafitari |
| Volitional | 蹲はむ | つくばはむ | tukubafamu |
References
- ^ “蹲う”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006