邊關

See also: 边关

Chinese

		side; edge; margin side; edge; margin; border; boundary	to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass
trad. (邊關)		邊	關
simp. (边关)		边	关

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): biānguān

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢㄍㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bin¹ gwaan¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pian-koan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: biānguān
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢㄍㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bianguan
  - Wade–Giles: pien¹-kuan¹
  - Yale: byān-gwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bianguan
  - Palladius: бяньгуань (bjanʹguanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bin¹ gwaan¹
  - Yale: bīn gwāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bin¹ gwaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bin¹ guan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /piːn⁵⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pian-koan
  - Tâi-lô: pian-kuan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pienkoafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /piɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piɛn³³ kuan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /piɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: pen kwaen

Rime
Character	邊	關
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	布玄切	古還切
Baxter	pen	kwaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pen/	/kˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/pen/	/kʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/pɛn/	/kuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pɛn/	/kwaɨn/
Li Rong	/pen/	/kuan/
Wang Li	/pien/	/kwan/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pien/	/kwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	biān	guān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bin¹	gwaan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤe[n] [k]ˤro[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*mpeːn kroːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邊	關
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	biān	guān
Middle Chinese	‹ pen ›	‹ kwæn ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁe[n]/	/*[k]ˁro[n]/
English	side	barrier
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	邊	關
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9056	8640
Phonetic component	臱	卵
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	3
Corresponding MC rime	邊	關
Old Chinese	/*mpeːn/	/*kroːn/

Noun

邊關

frontier pass; border station; strategic defensive position on frontier

Related terms

關口／关口 (guānkǒu)