| {{vern|eastern bean goose}}; great; large | Mongolia; cover | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鴻蒙/鴻濛) | 鴻 | 蒙/濛 | |
| simp. (鸿蒙) | 鸿 | 蒙 | |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 鴻 | 鴻 | 蒙 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 東 (1) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 戸公切 | 胡孔切 | 莫紅切 |
| Baxter | huwng | huwngX | muwng |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦuŋ/ | /ɦuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦuŋ/ | /ɦuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦəwŋ/ | /ɦəwŋX/ | /məwŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren |
/ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋX/ | /muŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hóng | hòng | méng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
hung4 | hung6 | mung4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 鴻 | 蒙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hóng | méng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ huwng › | ‹ muwng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɡ]ˁoŋ/ | /*mˁoŋ/ |
| English | kind of wild goose | cover (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 鴻 | 鴻 | 蒙 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4061 | 4062 | 8969 |
| Phonetic component |
工 | 工 | 冡 |
| Rime group |
東 | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
洪 | 澒 | 蒙 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡoːŋ/ | /*ɡoːŋʔ/ | /*moːŋ/ |
鴻蒙